群体决策的优点是( )。A．(A) 群体讨论时不易产生个人倾向 B．(B) 能增加

        Hong Kong  has  about forty  public (公共的 ) beaches. Some of the beaches are among the best in the world. People can go there for a swim. You can go to most of them by bus. To go to some beaches you must take a  boat. There are toilets,changing rooms and places to buy food and drinks on most of the beaches.      

                  You will swim there without (没有)  danger if you remember these instructions:      

                 1. Never swim alone(单独) .      

                 2. Never swim after a meal or when you feel hungry or tired.      

                 3. Do not stay in the water too long.      

                 4. Never go out of a boat if you can't swim.      

        Remember:A red flag means that it is dangerous for anybody to go into the water. A blue flag means that it is dangerous for children.

1. There are         public beaches in Hong Kong

A. about forty      

B. less than forty      

C. more than forty      

D. fourteen

2. We can get to            by bus.

A. all the public beaches     

B. any public beaches     

C. only a few public beaches     

D. all the public beaches except some

3. When you see a blue flag you know that there？

A. women should not swim     

B. children should not swim      

C. nobody should swim      

D. anybody can swim

4. Which of the following is true according to this passage ?

A. You can always swim when you see a red flag.      

B. You should not swim with other people.     

C. You should not swim after lunch.      

D. You can't swim for a short time.

5. This passage mainly(主要)  tells us          

A. something about Hong Kong's beaches and swimming there

B. that swimming in Hong Kong is dangerous  

C. that Hong Kong has many best beaches in the world  

D. it is not easy to go swimming in Hong Kong

文言文阅读。

　　[甲]当余之从师也，负箧曳屣，行深山巨谷中，穷冬烈风，大雪深数尺，足肤皲裂而不知，至舍，四支僵劲不能动，媵人持汤沃灌，以衾拥覆，久而乃和。寓逆旅，主人日再食，无鲜肥滋味之享。同舍生皆被绮绣，戴朱缨宝饰之帽，腰白玉之环，左佩刀，右备容臭，烨然若神人；余则缊袍敝衣处其间，略无慕艳意，以中有足乐者，不知口体之奉不若人也。盖余之勤且艰若此。

　　[乙]范仲淹二岁而孤，母贫无依，再适长山朱氏。既长，知其世家，感泣辞母，去之南都入学舍。昼夜苦学，五年未尝解衣就寝。或夜昏怠，辄以水沃面。往往馕（zhǎn）粥不充，日昃（zè太阳偏西）始食，遂大通六经之旨，慨然有志于天下。常自诵曰：当先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐。《宋明臣言行录》

1．解释下面加粗的字。

①晨人持汤沃灌：_________

②腰白玉之环：_________

③再适长山朱氏：_________

④往往馕粥不充：_________

2．将文中划线的句子译成现代汉语。

①余则缊袍敝衣处其间，略无慕艳意。

__________________________________

②或夜昏怠，辄以水沃面。

__________________________________

3．[甲][乙]两文都有写生活条件艰苦的句子，请你各摘录一句。

[甲]文：__________________________________

[乙]文：__________________________________

4．[甲][乙]两文告诉我们怎样的道理？结合自己的生活实际谈谈你的认识。

__________________________________

一种服装，原价为x元，商家让利20元，现每件售价84元，根据题目的描述，我们可以列出方程______．

有A、B两种烃，含碳的质量分数相同，关于A、B的叙述中正确的是 [ ]

A. A和B一定是同分异构体    

B. A和B不可能是同系物

C. A和B的最简式一定相同   

D. A和B各1mol完全燃烧后生成CO₂的质量一定相同

（1）根据NH₃的“喷泉”实验装置（下方图I）及相关的知识，回答下列问题：

①“喷泉”实验前，烧瓶内盛有干燥的NH₃，无水CaCl₂能否用来干燥NH₃______（填“能”或“否”）．

②“喷泉”实验证明NH₃具有的两个重要性质：______；______

（2）根据某实验室合成氨装置（上方图II），试回答装置甲的作用是①______

______，②______；检验从乙处导出的气体中含有氨的简单化学方法是______；

（3）如果实验室用图III所示装置来收集NH₃，气体应从______口进入烧瓶（填字母）．