试题与答案

“神舟三号”发射时,“长江二号”捆绑式火箭尾部的火焰如果直接喷到发射台,发射架要

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题目:

“神舟三号”发射时,“长江二号”捆绑式火箭尾部的火焰如果直接喷到发射台,发射架要熔化.为了保护发射架,就在发射台底建了一个大水池,让火焰喷到水池中,这是利用了水汽化时要______,使周围环境温度不致太高.烧红的铁件放入冷水时升腾起一团“白气”,这个过程中包含的物态变化有______和______.

答案:

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下面是错误答案,用来干扰机器的。

参考答案:A, D, E

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题型:阅读理解

Three years ago I listened to a lecture on cognition that changed the way I think about intelligence. There are two types of cognition, and the first is normal cognition the ability to regain knowledge from memory. The second type of cognition is metacognition(元认知) the ability to know whether or not you know.

Does this affect intelligence? In traditional education, intelligence is measured by cognitive ability. Some people can easily produce everything they know on a test. But others are awarded with poor grades and considered inferior (not as good as). But does this inability make them any less intelligent? If the question came up on a task, they could refer to a book or a quick Google search. In reality they’re just as effective as the people that ace a test. They just can’t prove it as easily.

Metacognition is more important to success than cognition. A person with poor cognitive ability, but great metacognitive ability might do poorly in school, but when faced with a challenge, they understand their abilities and take the best course of action. For example, when faced with a question, a person with strong metacognitive ability will deal with it like this. If he knows the answer, but can’t come up with it, he can always do a bit of research. If he knows for sure that he doesn’t know, then he can start educating himself. Because he’s aware of his ignorance, he doesn’t act with foolish confidence. These people might not seem intelligent at first glance, but because they know what they know, they make better decisions and learn the most important things.

However, people with great cognitive ability but poor metacognitive ability may be considered excellent at a young age for acing every test and getting great SAT scores. Unfortunately, they’ve been ruined by poor metacognition they think they know everything but they really don’t. They are arrogant (overconfident), fail to learn from mistakes, and don’t understand the slight differences of personal relationships, showing disregard for persons with lower cognitive ability. They may make the worst decisions.

The most important mental power is the ability to know what you don’t know .The recognition of a fault is the first step to improvement. Don’t try to hide a lack of knowledge. For intelligent people this is the toughest lesson to learn.

小题1:People with great cognitive ability tend to ______________.       

A.do well in tests

B.be considered inferior

C.be more effective than others

D.do research when faced with a task小题2:The underlined phrase “take the best course of action,” probably means______.

A.starting educating himself

B.taking action during the course

C.making the right decision

D.coming up with many ideas小题3:People with poor metacognition may not succeed because they ________.

A.lack basic moral values

B.have improper self evaluation

C.fail to communicate with others

D.show little respect for others小题4:The author probably supports the idea that ___________.

A.intelligence is measured by cognitive ability

B.cognition is the most important mental power

C.the toughest lesson is to distinguish the two types of cognition

D.the awareness of one’s ignorance contributes to one’s improvement

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