简述孢子植物中，世代交替、胚和维管组织的出现在植物演化过程中的意义。

川贝母的加工方法是（）

A．刮去粗皮，加工成卵圆形或圆柱形，或切成厚片干燥

B．堆放3～6天“发汗”，反复数次至内部变黑色，再晒干或烘干

C．用矾水擦去外皮，晒干或低温干燥

D．撞去表皮，拌煅过的贝壳粉，吸去浆汁，干燥

E．去粗皮，清水漂洗，蒸透心，低温干燥

嫁接时，接上去的芽或枝叫做 ，被接的植物体叫做 ．要使嫁接的植物体成活，必须使接穗和砧木的 紧密地结合在一起．

水痘皮疹的特点有哪些？

咨询师使用冲击疗法时，应首先进行的工作是（）。

A.签订治疗协议

B.筛选治疗对象

C.确定刺激物

D.实施冲击治疗

It is incongruous that the number of British institutions offering MBA courses should have grown by 254 percent during a period when the economy has been sliding into deeper recession. Optimists, or those given to speed, assumptions, might think it marvelous to have such a resource of business school graduates ready for the recovery. Unfortunately, there is now much doubt about the value of the degree not least among MBA graduates themselves, suffering as they are from the effects of recession and facing the prospect of shrinking management structures.

What was taken some years ago as a ticket of certain admission to success is now being exposed to the scrutiny of cost-conscious employers who seek "can-dos" rather than "might-dos", and who feel that academia bas not been sufficiently appreciative of the needs of industry or of the employers’ possible contribution.

It is curious, given the name of the degree, that there should be no league table for UK business schools; no unanimity about what the degree should encompass; and no agreed system of accreditation. Su rely there is something wrong. One wonders where all the tutors for this massive infusion of business expertise came from and why all this mushrooming took place.

Perhaps companies that made large investments would have been wiser to invest in already existing managers, perched anxiously on their own internal ladders The Institute of Management’s 1992 survey, which revealed that eighty-one per cent of managers thought they personally would be more effective if they received more training, suggests that this might be the case. There is, too, the fact that training alone does not make successful managers. They need the inherent qualifications. Of character; a degree of self-subjugation; and above all, the ability to communicate and lead; more so now, when empowerment is a buzzword that is at least generating genuflexions, if not total conviction.

One can easily think of people, some comparatively unlettered, who are not lauded captains of industry. We may, therefore, not need to be too concerned about the fall in applications for business school places, or even the doubt about MBAs. The proliferation and subsequent questioning may have been an inevitable evolution. If the Management Charter Initiative, now exploring the introduction of a senior management qualification, is successful, there will be a powerful corrective.

We believe now that management is all about change. One hopes there will be some of that in relationship between management and science within industry, currently causing concern and which is overdue for attention. No-one doubts that we need more scientists and innovation to give us an edge in an increasingly competitive world. If scientists feel themselves undervalued and under-used, working in industrial ghettos, that is not a promising augury for the future. It seems we have to resolve these misapprehensions between science and. industry. Above all, we have to make sure that management is not itself smug about its status and that it does not issue mission statements about communication without realizing that the essence of it is a dialogue. More empowerment is required and we should strive to achieve it.

According to the passage（）

A. managers need a degree and the ability to communicate

B. training need to be done in groups to be successful

C. managers today must have good communication and leadership skills

D. industrial managers do not need to write letters.