大气压强的特点是随着高度的增加而______，高山上烧水容易开，是因为那里的气压

N_A表示阿伏伽德罗常数，下列判断正确的是

A．1mol Na₂O₂固体中含离子总数为4 N_A

B．1 molCl₂参加反应转移电子数一定为2 N_A

C．常温下，1L 1mol/L的NH₄NO₃溶液中氮原子数为0.2 N_A

D．标准状况下，2.24L戊烷所含分子数为0.1 N_A

阅读《强震为何再袭四川？》一文。（10分）

2013年4月20日早晨8时02分，在四川省雅安市芦山县发生7.0级地震，震源深度13千米。在巨大的天灾背后，很多人疑问为什么这一次依然是四川受难？之前有一种说法是“汶川地震已经把几千年积累的应力释放完了”，那么雅安这次的大地震为何还会发生？

找一张中国地图，大致看看四川省的结构。西部多山区，中间是盆地——这可能是我们对这个“天府之国”最为直观的印象。把视角切回到四川历来大大小小的地震上，如果将震中所在的位置投影在地图中，大致能发现——这些地震发生的地点，大致都排在西部的山区里，而且似乎平行于山区——盆地的交界线而呈线性分布。至于盆地中央，虽然会遭到地震的影响，但很少是直接的震中区域。

经过这样一个简单的投图步骤，可得出第一步推论：四川的地震，与它西部那排最靠盆地的“山”有着相关性。这条俗称做“山”的地形，正是著名的龙门山大断裂——它是一条贯穿岩石圈的巨型地壳断裂系统，南北延伸越500公里，宽达70公里。于是，科学家们研究龙门山断裂带中岩石的应力场发现，有一股强大的应力撕裂了它，而这股应力，则来自西南方向的更高一阶的地域——青藏高原。

应力场分析表明挤压应力来自青藏高原，青藏高原提供了巨的应力场，持续不断地压迫它东部边缘的四川盆地，以至于在前锋形成这么巨大的断裂系统。根本原因是印度板块向欧亚板块正面碰撞。这两个大陆之间的相撞堆出一个巨大的土堆，放在我们人类的视野下，便是巨大空前的高地势——喜马拉雅山系与青藏高原了。龙门山断裂带中多发的地震，就是来自青藏高原方向的应力场持续对地壳提供挤压应力，当地壳中的岩石实在不堪应力的重压而破碎、断裂时，巨大的能量释放，以机械波的形式传遍四周，便构成了惨烈的地震。

龙门山是山区与盆地两个地质体的接触带，由于对刚性客体来说，默认其力作用在两者交界的边缘，因此，山与盆接触的前锋带，便成为了应力场释放其机械力的集中区域，在这个区域内，地震便多发了起来。          

（摘自新浪微博，有删改）

小题1:文中画线句中的“大致”能否删去，为什么？（3分）

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小题2:结合全文内容回答问题：为何四川多发地震？（4分）

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小题3:文章以“强震为何再袭四川？”为题，有何妙处？（3分）

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小聪同学将浑浊的湖水样品倒入烧杯中，进行净化处理。

（1）他首先在浑浊的湖水中加入明矾粉末，其作用是                 ，静置一会儿后，他将得到的湖水过滤，过滤过程中，使用到玻璃棒，其作用是             ；

（2）下列过滤装置及其操作的简图(图中固定装置和混合液、滤液均省略，且玻璃棒末端均已轻靠漏斗内的三层滤纸处)，其中正确的是            （   ）

（3）过滤过程中，他发现过滤速度太慢，产生的原因可能是                          。

（4）过滤后观察发现，滤液仍然浑浊，可能原因有                        。

（5）改进后过滤，得到了澄清透明的水，他兴奋地宣布：“我终于制得了纯水！”对此看法你是否满意吗？         （填“是”或“否”），若要制取纯水，还要采用的净化方法是              。

病历摘要：男，25岁，头昏乏力1年，近2个月加重；检验结果：Hb50g/L，骨髓亚铁氰化钾染色骨髓小粒含铁血黄素（+++）。

该患者不能排除的贫血有（）。

A.缺铁性贫血

B.慢性再生障碍性贫血

C.巨幼细胞性贫血

D.慢性感染性贫血

E.慢性溶血性贫血

Kevin Hines, a manic-depressive, was 19 and in one of his weekly downswings on an overcast Monday morning in 2000. He went to the nearby Golden Gate Bridge to kill himself mostly because, with only a four-foot (1.2-metre) railing to leap, "I figured it was the easiest way." He dived over, but flipped and hit the water at 75mph with his feet first. His legs were crushed, but he somehow stayed conscious and started paddling with his upper body until the Coast Guard fished him out.

Mr. Hines is one of 26 people who have survived suicide attempts at the bridge, but 1 223 are known to have succeeded (i. e., were seen jumping or found floating). People are throwing themselves off the bridge at the rate of two a month, which makes it the most popular place in the world for suicides. One book on the subject says that the Golden Gate is "to suicide what Niagara Falls is to honeymooners".

Many San Franciscans think that the solution is to emulate the Empire State Building, the Sydney Harbour Bridge, the Eiffel Tower, St. Peter’s basilica and other such places and put up a simple barrier. This, however, is a decision for the 19 board members of the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District, an entity that oversees the bridge itself and the buses and ferries that operate in the area. Most of its revenues’ come from tolls and fares, and the district loses money. A barrier would cost between $15 million and $ 25 million.

So the Psychiatric Foundation of Northern California, which has adopted the barrier as its cause, considers it a success that the board has merely allowed a feasibility study, for which various private and public donors have raised

$ 2 million. Mel Blaustein, a director at the foundation, has heard several arguments against a barrier over the years-too ugly, too expensive, and so forth--but the most persistent has been that people would simply kill themselves somewhere else, so why bother.’ This is nonsense, he says, "Most suicides are impulsive and preventable." A bridge without a barrier, adds Pat Hines, Kevin’s father, is "like leaving a loaded gun in the psychiatric ward.\

It can be inferred from the passage that the board of the Golden Gate Bridge will （）

A. raise enough money to start the project which can prevent suicides

B. not raise the money because they cannot make both ends meet

C. raise money for the prevention project reluctantly from society

D. abandon the plan to add equipment to prevent sad people from death