男性，42岁。间歇性腹泻2月余，发作时每天大便5～6次，伴腹胀，腹痛，大便多呈水样便

弹性成本预算中的公式法的优点在于 ( )。

A．成本分解比较简单

B．能直接查出特定业务量下的总成本预算额

C．没有误差

D．在一定范围内不受业务量波动影响

政体类型

Below is a selection from a popular science book.

If blood is red, why are veins（静脉） blue?

Actually, veins are not blue at all. They are more of a clear, yellowish color. Although blood looks red when it’s outside the body, when it’s sitting in the vein near the surface of the skin, it’s more of a dark reddish purple color. At the right depth, these blood-filled veins reflect less red light than the surrounding skin, making them look blue by comparison.

Which works harder, you heart or your brain?

That kind of depends on whether you’re busy thinking or busy exercising. Your heart works up to three times harder during exercise, and shifts enough blood over a lifetime to fill a supertanker. But in the long run, your brain probably tips it, because even when you’re sitting still your brain is using twice as much energy as your heart, and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it.

Why do teeth fall out, and why don’t they grow back in grown-ups?

Baby (or “milk”) teeth do not last long; they fall out to make bigger room for bigger, stronger adult teeth later on. Adult teeth fall our when they become damaged, decayed and infected by bacteria. Once this second set of teeth has grown in, you’re done. When they’re gone, they are gone. This is because nature figures you’re set for life, and what controls regrowth of your teeth switches off.

Do old people shrink as they age?

Yes and no. Many people do get shorter as they age. But, when they do, it isn’t because they’re shrinking all over. They lose height as their spine（脊柱） becomes shorter and more curved due to disuse and the effect of gravity(重力). Many (but not all) men and women do lose height as they get older. Men lose and average of 3-4 cm in height as they age, while women may lose 5 cm or more. If you live to be 200 years old, would you keep shrinking till you were, like 60 cm tall, like a little boy again? No, because old people don’t really shrink! It is not that they are growing backwards ----- their legs, arms and backbones getting shorter. When they do get shorter, it’s because the spine has shortened a little. Or, more often, become more bent and curved.

Why does spinning make you dizzy（眩晕的）?

Because your brain gets confused between what you’re seeing and what you’re feeling. The brain senses that you’re spinning using special gravity-and-motion-sensing organs in your inner ear, which work together with your eyes to keep your vision balance stable. But when you suddenly stop spinning the system goes out of control, and your brain thinks you’removing while you’re not.

Where do feelings and emotions come from?

Mostly from an ancient part of the brain called the limbic system. All mammals have this brain area ----- from mice to dogs, cats, and humans. So all mammals feel basic emotions like fear, pain and pleasure. But since human feelings also involve other, newer bits of the brain, we feel more complex emotions than any other animal on this planet.

If exercise wears you out, how can it be good for you?

Because our bodies adapt to everything we do to them. And as far as your body is concerned, it’s “use it, or lose it”! It’s not that exercise makes you healthy, it’s more that a lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease

小题1:What is the color of blood in a vein near the surface of the skin?

A．Blue

B．Light yellow

C．Red

D．Dark reddish purple小题2:Why do some old people look a little shrunken as they age?

A．Because their spine is in active use.

B．Because they are more easily affected by gravity.

C．Because they keep growing backwards.

D．Because their spine becomes more bent.小题3:Which of the following statements about our brain is true?

A．In the long run, our brain probably works harder than our heart.

B．When our brain senses the spinning, we will feel dizzy.

C．The brains of the other mammals are as complex as those of humans.

D．Our feelings and emotions come from the most developed area in our brain.小题4:What is the main purpose of the selection?

A．To give advice on how to stay healthy.

B．To provide information about our body.

C．To challenge new findings in medical research.

D．To report the latest discoveries in medical science.

以广告促销为中心，通过创意新、高投入、大规模的广告轰炸，直接诱发消费者的购买欲望，由消费者向零售商、零售商向批发商、批发商向制造商求购，由下至上，层层拉动购买，这种促销策略是（）。

A、宣传式说服

B、交涉式说服

C、推式策略

D、拉式策略

凯瑟汽车公司在未来5年内需要为一个投资项目筹资1亿美元。该公司可以获得一笔5年期的固定利率贷款，利率为10%，比5年期国债利率高出3个百分点。除此之外，凯瑟汽车公司也可以选择借入1年期的银行贷款并进行续期，当前1年期贷款的利率是9%，比1年期国债利率高出3个百分点。银行同意与凯瑟公司签订一项互换合约，由银行向凯瑟公司支付1年期国债利率，而后者则向银行支付5年期国债利率加30个基点，即7.3%。凯瑟公司知道人们对汽车的需求与利率变化紧密相关，因而使公司面临巨大的利率风险；另外就该公司目前的状况而言，长期贷款10%的利率又显得太高。该公司相信在1年后其信用等级会有所改善从而可以降低其借款成本，问凯瑟公司应采取什么措施其风险是什么