多项选择题：下列选项中属于难以解释的躯体主诉的诊断要点的是( )。A．无躯体性解释的躯体症状

题型：单项选择题

“情绪是内脏活动的结果”，此观点属于（）

A．沙赫特和辛格理论

B．伊扎德的动机-分化理论

C．拉扎勒斯理论

D．阿诺德评定-兴奋学说

E．詹姆斯-兰格理论

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题型：单项选择题

操作系统的作用是（）。

A.将源程序编译为目标程序

B.进行目录管理

C.控制和管理系统资源的使用

D.实现软硬件功能的转换

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题型：阅读理解

A new study says that birds living in big cities sing shorter, faster songs that are higher-pitched (高音调的) than those sung by their brothers in the forests. The researchers think that the birds adjust their songs to allow themselves to be heard over the noises of the city, especially the low traffic noise.

To study how urban birds song, Hans Slabbekoorn and Ardie den Bore, biologists at the University of Leiden in Netherlands, travelled around Europe and recorded bird songs in ten major cities and in nearby forests. The species they focused on, the great tit (大山雀), is widespread across Eurasia and one of the few types of birds that thrives in big cities.

Singing is crucial (重要的) for males, which use their songs to attract mates and mark out their territory. The changing songs could play a role in eventually causing the city birds and the forest dwellers to evolve into separate species.

The findings could also help explain why usually only a few bird species thrive in cities. By contrast, many more bird species tend to be found in forests and other undeveloped habitats.

Studies like this could eventually help researchers predict how urbanization (都市化) will affect birds, using this knowledge could help urban planners design more pleasant city environments, study co-author Slabbe-koorn said. “You can make a city much more livable if you pay attention to where the noise goes and where the people go,” he said. “It would be easy to fit the birds into those models.” Then cities wouldn’t be strictly for the people, but also for the birds.