Motivation is "the driving force within individuals that impels them to action." And goals are the sought-after results_____(1) motivated behavior.Motivation can be either positive or negative_____(2) direction. We may feel a driving force toward some object or condition, _____(3) a driving force away from some object or condition. For example, a person may be impelled toward a restaurant to fulfill a need, hunger, and away_____(4) an airplane to fulfill a need of safety. Some psychologists refer to positive drives_____(5) needs, wants or desires,_____(6) negative drives as fears or aversions._____ (7), though negative and positive motivational forces seem to differ dramatically_____(8) terms of physical and sometimes emotional activity, they are basically similar in_____(9) they both serve to initiate and sustain human behavior.____(10) this reason, researchers often refer _____(11) both kinds of drives or motives as needs, wants and desires.Goals, _____(12), can be either positive or negative. A positive goal is one toward_____ (13) behavior is directed and it is often referred to as an approach object. A negative goal is _____(14) from which behavior is directed away and it is sometimes referred to as an avoidance object. Since both approach and avoidance goals can be considered objectives of motivated behavior, most researchers refer to_____(15) types simply as goals. Consider this example. A middle-aged woman may wish to remain_____(16) attractive as possible. Her positive goal is to appear desirable, and_____(17) she may use a perfume advertised to make her irresistible. A negative goal may be to prevent her skin_____(18) aging, and therefore she may buy and use face creams._____(19) the former case, she uses perfume to help her achieve her positive goal — attractiveness; in the____(20) case, she uses face creams to help avoid a negative goal — wrinkled skin.
⑴秦观在《鹊桥仙》中表达自己独特的爱情观的是“ ， ”。
.用三份上述理想气体作为测温物质制成三个相同的温度计,然后将其中两个温度计中的理想气体分别换成上述实际气体Ⅰ、Ⅱ.在标准大气压下,当环境温度为T0时,三个温度计的示数各不相同,如图所示,温度计(ⅱ)中的测温物质应为实际气体(图中活塞质量忽略不计);若此时温度计(ⅱ)和(ⅲ)的示数分别为21℃和24℃,则此时温度计(ⅰ)的示数为 ℃;可见用实际气体作为测温物质时,会产生误差.为减小在T1～T2范围内的测量误差,现针对T0进行修正,制成如图所示的复合气体温度计,图中无摩擦导热活塞将容器分成两部分,在温度为T1时分别装入适量气体Ⅰ和Ⅱ,则两种气体体积之比VⅠ∶VⅡ应为 .
