预制钢筋混凝土管片安装”定额的工作内容不包括（） A.管片吊运 B.安装连接栓 C.

【课内精读】

　　夏蚊成雷，私拟作群鹤舞于空中，心之所向，则或千或百，果然鹤也；昂首观之，项为之强。又留蚊于素帐中，徐喷以烟，使之冲烟而飞鸣，作青云白鹤观，果如鹤唳云端，为之怡然称快。

　　余常于土墙凹凸处，花台小草丛杂处，蹲其身，使与台齐；定神细视，以丛草为林，以虫蚁为兽，以土砾凸者为丘，凹者为壑，神游其中，怡然自得。

　　一日，见二虫斗草间，观之，兴正浓，忽有庞然大物，拔山倒树而来，盖一癞虾蟆，舌一吐而二虫尽为所吞。余年幼，方出神，不觉呀然一惊。神定，捉虾蟆，鞭数十，驱之别院。

1．解释下列句中加粗的词。

（1）能张目对日：_____________________________

（2）果如鹤唳云端：_____________________________

（3）为之怡然称快：______________________________

（4）定神细视：_______________________________

2．翻译句子。

（1）果如鹤唳云端，为之怡然称快。

_______________________________________________

（2）以丛草为林，以虫蚁为兽，以土砾凸者为丘，凹者为壑。

_______________________________________________

3．第三段中表现作者情绪变化的句子是_______________________________________。

4．选文第二段中“私拟”的自然景物有哪些？并写出具体表现“神游其中”的句子。

_______________________________________________

5．第二、三段之间有什么关系？

_______________________________________________

6．作者把癞虾蟆说成是“庞然大物”，运用了什么手法，有什么作用？

_______________________________________________

如图所示，足够长的间距为L=0.2m光滑水平导轨EM、FN与PM、QN相连，PM、QN是两根半径为d=0.4m的光滑的

1

4

圆弧导轨，O、P连线水平，M、N与E、F在同一水平高度，水平和圆弧导轨电阻不计，在其上端连有一阻值为R=8Ω的电阻，在PQ左侧有处于竖直向上的有界匀强磁场，磁感应强度大小为B₀=6T．现有一根长度稍大于L、质量为m=0.2kg、电阻为r=2Ω的金属棒从轨道的顶端P处由静止开始下滑，到达轨道底端MN时对轨道的压力为2mg，取g=10m/s²，求：

（1）棒到达最低点MN时金属棒两端的电压；

（2）棒下滑到MN过程中金属棒产生的热量；

（3）从棒进入EM、FN水平轨道后开始计时，磁场随时间发生变化，恰好使棒做匀速直线运动，求磁感应强度B随时间变化的表达式．

阅读理解。

     Across the world, 1.1 billion people have no access to clean drinking water. More than 2.5 billion people

lack basic sanitation.

     The combination proves deadly. Each year, diseases related to inadequate water and sanitation kill between

2 and 5 million people and cause an estimated 80 percent of all sicknesses in the developing world. Safe

drinking water is a precondition for health and the fight against child death rate, inequality between men and

women, and poverty.

     Consider these facts:

     The average distance that women in Africa and Asia walk to collect water is 6 kilometers.

     Only 58 percent of children in sub-Saharan Africa are drinking safe water, and only 37 percent of children

in South Asia have access to even a basic toilet.

     Each year in India alone, 73 million working days are lost to water-borne diseases.

     Here are three ways you can help:

     (1) Write Congress

     Current U. S. foreign aid for drinking water and sanitation budgets only one dollar per year per American

citizen. Few members of Congress have ever received a letter from voters about clean drinking water abroad.

     (2) Sponsor a project with a faith-based organization

     Many U.S. religious groups already sponsor water and sanitation projects, working with partner organizations

abroad. Simply putting a single project by a U.S. organization can make safe water a reality for thousands of

people.

     (3) Support nonprofit water organizations

     Numerous U.S.-based nonprofits work skillfully abroad in community-led projects related to drinking water

and sanitation. Like the sample of non-profits noted as follows, some organizations are large, other small-scale,

some operate worldwide, others are devoted to certain areas in Africa, Asia, or Latin America. Support them

generously.

1. The three facts presented in the passage are used to illustrate that ____.

A. poverty can result in water-borne diseases

B. people have no access to clean drinking water

C. women's rights are denied in some developing countries

D. safe drinking water should be a primary concern

2. The intended readers of the passage are ____.

A. Americans

B. overseas sponsors

C. congressmen

D. U.S.-based water organizations

3. The main purpose of the passage is to call on people to ____.

A. get rid of water-related diseases in developing countries

B. donate money to people short of water through religious groups

C. fight against the worldwide water shortage and sanitation problem

D. take joint action in support of some non-profit water organizations

4. What information will probably be provided following the last paragraph?

A. A variety of companies and their worldwide operation.

B. A list of non-profit water organizations to make contact with.

C. Some ways to get financial aids from U.S. Congress.

D. A few water resources exploited by some world-famous organizations.

机械制图中，选择投影法需要考虑的是（）。

A.立体感强

B.度量性好

C.绘图简便

D.符合视觉习惯

简述运木船航行中应注意的事项？