质量评审与质量审核

一般资料：求助者，女性，32岁，已婚，本科文化程度，某公司职员。案例介绍：求助者的家在19层，工作单位在12层，原来对乘坐电梯并不恐惧。半年前曾听说某小区电梯出事，摔死了人。几个月前的一天夜里，求助者加班时独自乘坐电梯，突然遭遇停电，求助者恰好没带手机，喊叫很久没有人答应。求助者当时非常恐惧，担心就这样死去，心跳加快，呼吸急促，四肢颤抖，几乎瘫坐在电梯里。虽然最终得以解脱，但此后不敢独自一人坐电梯。在公司时要叫上同事，有时回来晚了，就要求丈夫下楼接。没有人接时，宁可爬楼梯。可每天爬上爬下的很累，求助者曾多次挣扎着独自坐电梯，但都因害怕而逃离。求助者自己有时也明明知道独自一人坐电梯不一定就发生危险，但就是控制不住害怕，为此十分苦恼。近来食欲下降，失眠，经常请假，不参加亲朋好友的活动。心理咨询师与求助者协商决定采用冲击疗法解决其对“独自一人坐电梯”的恐惧。经过治疗取得明显效果。

对冲击疗法的原理正确的理解包括（）。

A.要有主动放松过程

B.持久暴露在特定情境中

C.不对负性情绪强化

D.及时强化正性情绪

女性，29岁。G2P2，诊断为葡萄胎。查体：子宫如16周妊娠大小。肺部CT无异常。该患者治疗方法宜采用（）

A.清宫术

B.子宫全切术

C.先清宫后手术切除子宫

D.清宫后化疗

E.化疗

No one can fail to stand in awed ( 令人敬畏的 ) admiration of the great discoveries of history—Newton' s laws of motion; Kepler' s principles of planetary movement, Einstein' s general theory of relativity. Equally awe-inspiring are artistic creations in painting, theatre, music and literature, which have also been brought about by discovery through personal efforts.  What do these extraordinary achievements of well-known scientists and artists have to do with problem solving?

A great scientific discovery or a great work of art is surely the result of problem-solving activity. The solution to a problem, we are told, often comes to thinkers in a “flash of insight (顿悟) ”， although they may have been turning the problem over in their minds for some time. As a particular form of problem solving, these creative acts are based on the broad knowledge gained in the past, whether this be of the public" sort known to science, or of the "private" sort known to the artist.

Many creative thinkers state that they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time. Indeed, it would be strange if they had not done this. Nothing in such statements supports the idea that there is anything very different about the problem solving that leads to discoveries of the great contributions to the society. The act of discovery, even in the relatively predictable (可以预见的) sense that it occurs in everyday learning, involves (涉及) a “sudden insight” which changes the problem situation into a solution situation. As we have seen, everyday discovery also requires that the learner have the knowledge of the rules gained in the past, which is involved in the solution.

52. Newton, Kepler and Einstein are mentioned in the first paragraph to_______.

A. bring about the subject of the discussion        

B. explain that scientists are more creative

C. show the difference between science and arts

D. prove that arts require more personal efforts

53. While knowledge from the past plays an important role in their achievements, thinkers sometimes also depend on their______.

A. artistic tastes                    B. sudden insight

C. admiration of discoveries  D. scientific experiments

54. What does the underlined word “this” refer to?

A. Great contributions to the society            

B.  Long-time study of the subject matter.

C.  Various statements about problem solving.

D. Complete devotion to artistic creation.

55. We may conclude from the passage that ______.

A.it is more likely to make scientific and artistic discoveries in everyday learning.

B. a sudden insight and knowledge from the past are required in making discoveries

C. scientific discoveries or artistic creations are usually unpredictable in nature

D. knowledge of the rules in the past is often developed in the changes of situation

下列哪个疾病无甲状腺吸碘率增高的表现（）

A.甲状腺功能亢进

B.单纯性甲状腺肿

C.亚急性甲状腺炎

D.Pendred综合征

E.缺碘性甲状腺肿

李某为某股份有限公司的总经理，该公司的股票自2009年3月15日上市交易，则李某所持本公司股份在( )之前不得转让。

A．2009年6月15日
B．2009年9月15日
C．2010年3月15日
D．2010年6月15日