我国大约有（）公里的大陆海岸线。 A.17000 B.18000 C.19000 D

阅读下面语段，按要求回答问题：

科学史上的巨人牛顿小时候为猫开洞，竟然开了大小两个，让大猫走大洞，小猫走小洞，一时被人引为笑谈。

根据这段话作出的推论，正确的一项是（   ）。

A．古今中外有成就的名人，当初并不“巧”

B．只有经过磨难，经受刺激，才能发愤成材

C．人是可以改变的，勤能补拙，熟能生巧

D．不畏嘲笑，精诚所至，金石为开

今年冰岛火山喷发对欧洲多国造成了严重的环境污染．下列物质中不属于空气污染物的是（　　）

A．氧气

B．二氧化硫

C．火山灰

D．一氧化碳

阅读理解。

     Farmers grow cocoa trees in the shady areas of rainforests near the Earth's equator. These trees can be

difficult to grow. They require an exact amount of water, warmth, soil and protection. After about five years,

cocoa trees start producing large fruits called pods. The seeds inside these pods are harvested to make

chocolate.

     Today we travel around the world exploring the history of chocolate. Its story begins with a plant whose

scientific name, The obroma cocoa, means "food of the gods". People have been enjoying the rich flavor of

chocolate, a product made from this plant.

     Most people know that chocolate is made from cocoa and that the origins of chocolate can be traced back

to Central and South America. For centuries, the natives there regarded cocoa as a gift from the gods. But how

did chocolate go from being the food of the gods to being the food of love?

     Historians believe the Maya of Central America first learned to farm cocoa plants around two thousand

years ago. The Maya took the cocoa trees from the rainforests and grew them in their gardens. They cooked

the cocoa seeds, and then crushed them into a soft substance. They used the cocoa bean as the main part in a

dark, bitter drink that we would call"chocolate". They believed that chocolate had mystical characteristics-but

cocoa also had commercial (商业的)value. In fact, cocoa beans were used as a form of currency that was

worth its weight in gold!

     The explorer Christopher Columbus brought cocoa seeds to Spain after his trip to Central America in 1502.

But the Spanish explorer Conquistador Hernando Cortez was the first European explorer to realize cocoa's

commercial possibilities. When he arrived in the New World in 1519, he soon established his own cocoa

factory. In 1529, Cortez returned to Spain and introduced chocolate - as a drink mixed with sugar, vanilla, and

cinnamon-to European society.

     The wealthy people of Spain first enjoyed a sweetened type of the chocolate drink. Later, the popularity

of the drink spread throughout Europe. The English, Dutch and French began to plant cocoa trees in their own

countries. Chocolate remained a drink that only wealthy people could afford to drink until the eighteenth

century. During the period known as the Industrial Revolution, new technologies helped make chocolate less

costly to produce.

     It caught on-especially with the noble people, who enjoyed hot chocolate as an aphrodisiac (a kind of

medicine). As its popularity spread, people found new ways to make and use chocolate. These days, chocolate

is enjoyed as both a tasty treat and a romantic gift everywhere.

1. According to historians, cacao trees were first planted in _____.

A. South America

B. Central America

C. Spain.

D. Africa

2. Cocoa trees are difficult to grow because they require these EXCEPT _____.

A. protection

B. warmth

C. soil of good quality

D. plenty of fertilizer

3. According to the passage, which one is NOT RIGHT?

A. Christopher Columbus brought cacao seeds to Central America.

B. The wealthy people of Spain first didn't enjoy a chocolate drink.

C. Chocolate is made from the branches of coco trees.

D. At first only wealthy people could afford to drink chocolate.

4. Which is the right order of the events according to when they happened?

① The English, Dutch and French began to plant cocoa trees in their own colonies.

② Christopher Columbus brought cocoa seeds to Spain.

③ Cortez set up his own cocoa plantation.

④ Cortez introduced chocolate to European society.

A. ②③④①

B. ②③①④

C. ②④③①

D. ③②④①

5. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?

A. History of chocolate, as rich as its taste.

B. Chocolate, food of the gods.

C. Value of chocolate, as costly as gold.

D. Chocolate, food of love.

生姜泻心汤的主治病证是（）

A．寒热错杂之痞证

B．水热互结之痞证

C．胃气虚弱之痞证

D．胃虚有热之痞证

E．痰热互结之痞证

公安执法监督的特征有（）。

A.监督对象的特定性

B.监督主体的广泛性

C.监督形式的多样性

D.监督权力的特许性