铁路运输总成本

根据本单元所学填空。

1．我国古代用“____________”的方法来记事，还有些民族用贝壳代替绳结，还有用具体事物传递信息的方法，譬如___________或者___________，就是一封宣战书。    

2．菲利比斯不顾___________、___________和极度的___________，从___________出发，向雅典跑去。    

3．___________年，经过重新测量，马拉松比赛的长度被确定为___________千米___________米。

4．电话的发明人是___________。他和沃特森经过两年实验，做好了一台样机。后来，他又从___________的共鸣声中受到启发，决定给送话器配一个共鸣装置。

十二指肠（）。

A.是大肠的一部分

B.上接幽门，下续空肠

C.上接贲门，下续空肠

D.上部也称十二指肠球

E.上部也称十二指肠上曲

男性，50岁，自觉低热，近半个月来阴囊部逐渐胀大、胀痛，久站和步行时加重，平卧时减轻，但疼痛不缓解，触诊时患者右侧睾丸肿大、压痛。查血象，白细胞总数12000/L

该患者不可能的诊断是（）。

A.阴囊疝

B.鞘膜积液

C.睾丸炎

D.睾丸肿瘤

E.睾丸结核

Almost every day the media discovers an African American community fighting some form of environmental threat from land fills, garbage dumps, petrochemical plants, refineries, bus depots, and the list goes on. For years, residents watched helplessly as their communities became dumping grounds.
But citizens didn’t remain silent for long. Local activists have been organizing under the mantie of environmental justice since as far back as 1968. More than three decades ago, the concept of environmental justice had not registered on the radar screens of many environmental or civil rights groups. But environmental justice fits squarely under the civil rights umbrella. It should not be forgotten that Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. went to Memphis on an environmental and economic justice mission in 1968, seeking support for striking garbage workers who were underpaid and whose basic duties exposed them to environmentally hazardous conditions.
In 1979, a landmark environmental discrimination lawsuit filed in Houston, followed by similar litigation efforts in the 1980s, rallied activists to stand up to corporations and demand government intervention.
In 1991, a new breed of environmental activists gathered in Washington, D.C. , to bring national attention to pollution problems threatening low-income and minority communities. Leaders introduced the concept of environmental justice, protesting that Black, poor and working-class communities often received less environmental protection than White or more affluent communities. The first National People of Color Environmental Leadership Summit effectively broadened what "the environment" was understood to mean. It expanded the definition to include where we live, work, play, worship and go to school, as well as the physical and natural world. In the process, the environmental justice movement changed the way environmentalism is practiced in the United States and, ultimately, worldwide.
Because many issues identified at the inaugural summit remain unaddressed, the second National People of Color Environmental Leadership Summit was convened in Washington, D.C. , this past October. The second summit was planned for 500 delegates ; but more than 1,400 people attended the four-day gathering.
"We are pleased that the Summit Ⅱ was able to attract a record number of grassroots activists, academicians, students, researchers, planners, policy analysts and government officials. We proved to the world that our movement is alive and well, and growing," says Beverly Wright, chair of the summit. The meeting produced two dozen policy papers that show powerful environmental and health disparities between people of color and Whites.

In Paragraph 1, the word "residents" refers to ______ in particular.

A．ethnic groups in the U.S.

B．the American general public

C．African Americans

D．the U.S. working-class