试题与答案

淬火裂纹有几种类型?形成机理是什么?

题型:问答题 简答题

题目:

淬火裂纹有几种类型?形成机理是什么?

答案:

参考答案:

淬火裂纹可以分成纵裂纹、横向裂纹、弧形裂纹、表面裂纹和剥离裂纹等类。钢中淬火裂纹主要来源于奥氏体向马氏体转变时体积增大产生的组织应力。钢中冷却因表层与心部相变时间不一致,当心部材料发生马氏体相变时,它的膨胀受到早已形成的外层马氏体制约,而导致表层产生张应力。当大于马氏体的拉伸极限时,而出现开裂。

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题型:阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Driving a large truck over mountain roads is not the usual way that a schoolteacher begins her day-

especially if she is a preschool teacher. But Mrs. Beth Miller does this five days every week. Her unusual

schoolhouse on wheels is actually a truck. The back of the truck has been made into a classroom in order

to carry the advantages of modern education to remote areas of the state of West Virginia. In many rural

areas of this state it is impossible for small children to go to regular schools because of the many hills and

valleys of Appalachian Mountains.

     The purpose of the schoolhouse on wheels project is to develop basic skills and social behavior in

children three to five years of age. This is done through games, exercises, toys and simple handcrafts. The

schoolhouse on wheels concept also teaches the young children to recognize 300 to 400 words on the printed

page. This is a great advantage in helping the pupils to learn to read when they begin regular school. In its

three-year history the project has helped about 350 children in an area made up of five counties, an area of

20 000 square kilometers. The schoolhouse on wheels is part of the Appalachian Educational Laboratory, a

research effort paid for by the government. Besides the mobile classroom, other parts of the program include

lessons by television and visits to the homes of the students. The technique is very effective, and one teacher

can do the work of seven in a traditional educational system. As a result the program costs about 50% less

than the regular kindergarten.

     All these advantages of the schoolhouse on wheels have made both parents and school officials happy.

West Virginia plans to increase the program and to include it in the public school system so that more than

4500 preschool children can have this valuable learning experience.

1. Mrs. Beth Miller usually _____.

A. walks to begin her work

B. drives a large truck to begin her work

C. drives her car to the school

D. carries the classroom to the school

2. Children in many rural areas of West Virginia cannot go to regular schools because _____.

A. large trucks cannot go in mountainous areas

B. there are no schoolhouses on wheels there

C. there are many hills and valleys there

D. preschool teachers don't like to work there

3. The best title for this passage is _____.

A. Schoolhouse on wheels

B. West Virginia

C. Effective educational system

D. Educational laboratory

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