组合电台进行MF/HF电话通信时，发信机的工作种类为（）。A、J3E或G3E B、

下列药中除哪项外均属寒凉药性

A．川楝子

B．青木香

C．枳实

D．青皮

E．郁金

The United States is not part of the Kyoto Protocol.But since 2005 more than 1,000 mayors across the country have agreed to sign their own version of the protocol.

It is called the United States Conference of Mayors' Climate Protection Agreement.Local leaders have agreed to follow the suggestions of the Kyoto Protocol in their communities.They have also agreed to urge state and federal governments to follow these suggestions.One goal is to reduce air pollution to the 1990 levels by 2012.

A “green” city might work on several kinds of environmental goals and programs.These include air quality，reducing electricity use, green building, public health, the reuse of materials, water quality and clean transportation.

The Natural Resources Defense Council works to protect the environment through action, law and science.One of its online projects is called Smarter Cities, which lists some cities that have made important environmental steps.

Washington，D.C.is also a leading city for green roofs，with over 92,000 square meters of green rooftops.The city also launched a program called “Skip the Bag，Save the River.”Stores charge people a five­cent  tax for using plastic or paper shopping bags instead of reusable bags.Money from the tax will be used to clean up a local river.

New York City is using water as a renewable energy source.For several years, the city has experimented with water in the East River to create energy.Officials operating the program recently asked for permission to put into place 30 river turbine devices.

The people of Portland, Oregon are among the top recyclers in the nation.People living there recycle over half of the waste they throw out.The city has also worked to provide green transportation by providing safe bike paths and free parking spaces where electric cars can get recharged.

In Oakland, California, you can ride on one of several public hydrogen­powered(氢气作燃料的) buses.These buses release zero pollution into the air.However，they cost about five times more than common buses.

小题1:The United States Conference of Mayors' Climate Protection Agreement is aimed at________.

A．reducing energy use

B．reducing air pollution

C．improving public health

D．reusing waste materials小题2:Why are shoppers charged a five­cent tax for buying shopping bags?

A．To clean a local lake that has been polluted.

B．To get enough money for the green roof project.

C．To prevent shoppers from using reusable bags.

D．To collect money for an environmental project.小题3:New York City is cited as an example of________.

A．building green rooftops

B．making transportation clean

C．being good at recycling waste

D．using renewable energy source小题4:Which of the following cities encourage citizens to use bicycles?

A．Washington，D.C.　   B．New York.

C．Portland.　  D．Oakland.

小题5:One obvious disadvantage of adopting hydrogen­powered buses is________.

A．its high cost　

B．side effect

C．zero pollution

D．large space

（原创）（37分）阅读下列材料

材料一 顺治十三年（1656年）六月，清政府颁布了《禁海令》。严格禁止商民船只私自入海，不允许用大陆的产品、货物进行海上贸易，有违禁者，不论官民，俱行正法，货物充公，违令者之财产奖给告发之人；负责执行该禁令的文武各官失查或不追缉，从重治罪；保甲不告发的，即行处死；沿海可停泊舟船的地方，处处严防,不许片帆入海；如有从海上登岸者，失职的防守官员以军法从事，督抚议罪。

——张岂之主编《中国历史》

材料二 英国乔治三世于1787年任命马戛尔尼率团访华，要求中国扩大通商，优待英国，并允许英国派使臣访华。因此，还准备提出六项具体的要求，即：一、英船到浙江、天津等处停泊；二、在京设立商行；三、将舟山附近小岛给英商停歇和储存货物；四、在广州附近拨一地方给英国居住，或准许澳门居住之英商出入自备；五、英国自广州下澳门，由内河行走，货物不上税或少上税；六、确定船只关税条例，照例上税。

——《京华续录》（乾隆朝）卷四十七

材料三 特区是个窗口，是技术的窗口、管理的窗口、知识的窗口，也是对外开放的窗口。从特区可以引进技术，获得知识，学到管理，管理也是知识。特区称为开放的基地，不仅在经济方面、培养人才方面使我们得到好处，而且会扩大我国的对外影响。

——邓 * * 《办好经济特区，增加对外开放城市》（1984年2曰24日）

材料四 十四个沿海开放城市有上海，但那是一般化的。浦东如果像深圳经济特区那样，早几年开发就好了。开发浦东，这个影响就大了，不只是浦东的问题，是关系上海发展的问题，是利用上海这个基地发展长江三角洲和长江流域的问题。

——邓 * * 《视察上海时的讲话》（1991年1曰28日）

请回答：

（1）根据材料一，结合所学知识，指出清顺治时期实行海禁的原因是什么？（6分）

（2）材料二表明马戛尔尼使团访华的目的是什么？（2分）这一目的是通过怎样的方式达到的？（2分）据《南京条约》的内容，说明马戛尔尼的要求得以实现的表现。（6分）

（3）根据材料三，概括特区的设立对发展社会主义经济所起的积极作用。（8分）

（4）根据材料四，指出20世纪90年代，我国进一步对外开放的重要标志。中央做出这一重大决策的目的何在？（8分）

（5）结合上述材料，就闭关、开放与国家富强的关系谈谈你的认识。（5）

微波与其它频段的电波相比，具有如下的特点，微波天线的幅射波束可以做得很宽，因而天线的增益较高，有利于定向传播。

循环经济是一种生态经济，它要求运用生态学规律而不是机械论规律来指导人类社会的经济活动特征，是低开采低排放高利用的经济形态。
下列不属于循环经济做法的是______。

A．退田还湖、退耕还林
B．变消耗型经济为休养生息型经济
C．变单程式经济为循环式经济
D．变储备型经济为增长型经济