下列哪些要素确定一笔小额支付系统交易业务：（）A、发起行行号 B、委托日期 C、包序

图甲为一个长期处于稳定状态的生态系统物质循环示意图；表乙是对图甲中生态系统各组成成分的能量流动情况调查结果；图丙是该生态系统中人类对物质与能量的利用情况部分示意图。请据图回答问题：

(1)大气中二氧化碳的来源有三个，分别是动植物的呼吸作用、__________、__________。若图甲中的“→”仅表示二氧化碳的流动方向，则不会存在的过程有__________。

(2)若图甲表示碳循环示意图，则D指的是生态系统中的______________，①过程表示的是___________。

(3)表乙中的Pg表示同化作用固定的总能量，Pn表示生物体内储存的能量，则R表示的生物学含义是__________。每平方米每年流经该生态系统的总能量为__________。

(4)图丙表示人类在草原上放养牲畜的目的是调整生态系统中的__________关系。

某种商品在销售旺季时提价20%，后来在淡季要恢复原价，那么应降价几分之几呢？

白盒测试方法一般适用于（）测试。

A．单元

B．系统

C．集成

D．确认

High school dropouts earn an average of $9,000 less per year than graduates. Now a new study dispels a common belief why they quit. It’s much more basic than flunking out.
Society tends to think of high school dropouts as kids who just can’t cut it. They are lazy, and perhaps not too bright. So researchers were surprised when they asked more than 450 kids who quit school about why they left.
"The vast majority actually had passing grades and they were confident that they could have graduated from high school. " John Bridgeland, the executive researcher said. About 1million teens leave school each year. Only about half of African American and Hispanic student will receive a diploma, and actually all dropouts come to regret their decision. So, if failing grades don’t explain why these kids quit, what does Again, John Bridgeland: "The most dependable finding was that they were bored. " "They found classes uninteresting; they weren’t inspired or motivated. They didn’t see any direct connection between what they were learning in the classroom to their own lives, or to their career aspirations. "
The study found that most teens who do drop out wait until they turn sixteen, which happens to be the age at which most states allow students to quit. In the US, only one state, New Mexico, has a law requiring teenagers to stay in high school until they graduate. Only four states: California, Tennessee, Texas and Utah, plus the District of Columbia, require school attendance until age 18, no exceptions, another researcher, says raising the compulsory attendance age may be one way to keep more kids in school.
"As these dropouts look hack, they realize they’ve made a mistake. And anything that sort of gives these people an extra push to stick it out and it through to the end, is probably helpful measure. "
New Hampshire may be the next state to raise its school attendance age to 18. But critics say that forcing the students unwilling to continue their studies to stay in school misses the point—the need for reform. It’s been called for to reinvent high school education to make it more challenging and relevant, and to ensure that kids who do stick it out receive a diploma that actually means something.

According to the passage, which state has a law requiring school attendance until they graduate

A．New Hampshire
B．Utah
C．New Mexico
D．The District of Columbia