国务院银行业监督管理机构依照法律、行政法规制定并发布对（）及其业务活动监督管理的规章

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     Every culture has a recognized point when a child becomes an adult, when rules must be followed

and tests passed.

     In China, although teenagers can get their ID cards at 16, many only see themselves as an adult

when they are 18. In the US, where everyone drives, the main step to the freedom of adult life is

learning to drive. At 16, American teens take their driving test. When they have their license, they drive

into the grownup world.

     "Nobody wants to ride the cheese bus to school, " said Eleanor Fulham, 17. She brought the

pressure back to memory, especially for kids from wealthier families. "It's like you're not cool if you

don't have a car, " she said.

     According to recent research, 41% of 16 to 19yearolds in the US own cars, up from 23% in 1985.

Although, most of these cars are bought by parents, some teens get parttime jobs to help pay.

     Not all families can afford cars for their children. In cities with subways and limited parking, some

teenagers don't want them. But in rich suburban areas without subways, and where bicycles are more

for fun than transportation, it is strange for a teenager not to have a car.

     But police say 16yearolds have almost three times more accidents than 18 to 19yearolds. This has

made many parents pause before letting their kids drive.

     Julie Sussman, of Virginia, decided that her son Chad, 15, will wait until he is 17 to apply for his

learner's permit.

    Chad said he has accepted his parents' decision, although it has caused some teasing from his friends.

"They say that I am unlucky, " he said, "But I'd rather be alive than driving, and I_don't_really_trust_my

_friends_on_the_road,_either."

     In China as more families get cars, more 18yearolds learn to drive. Will this become a big step to

becoming an adult?

1. Which may serve as the best title of the article?

A. Cars Helping You to GrowUp

B. Driving into the GrownUp World

C. Teenagers' Driving in America

D. Recognized Point of Becoming an Adult

2. 16yearold drivers have more accidents possibly because________.

A. they want to show themselves off

B. they are never experienced drivers

C. older people always drive better

D. they never drive carefully on the road

3. Which may NOT be taken into consideration when deciding whether to buy a car?

A. How well off the family is.

B. Whether the kid is old enough.

C. What traffic condition there is around.

D. Whether it's practically needed.

4. When Chad said "I don't really trust my friends…,  he meant that________.

A. he might run into his friends if he drove

B. he didn't agree with his friends

C. he might not be safe if his friends drove

D. he was afraid that his friends might well lie to him

5. The passage mainly gives information about ________.

A. an American culture

B. a cultural difference between America and China

C. a change in the Chinese culture

D. the relationship between driving and a person's development

连铸二次冷却的作用是什么？

A conventional teacher’s licensee usually requires a university degree in education plus an unpaid term of practice teaching. This has never made much sense. It excludes bright students who take degrees in other subjects, and might teach those subjects; it is costly and time-consuming for career-switchers, who must wait a year or more before they can enter a classroom; it is so rigid that private-school teachers or university professors with years of experience have to jump through hoops before they can start teaching in a state school. And there is virtually no evidence that it creates better teachers. For all that, it is ply backed by schools of education, which have a monopoly of teacher-training, and by teachers’ unions, whose members make more money when it is artificially hard for others to get into the profession.

Now, some 45 states and the Districts of Columbia offer an "alternative route" to a teacher’s licensee, up from only a handful in the 1980s. Alternative certification (AC) generally allows individuals with a university degree to begin teaching immediately after passing an entrance examination. These recruits, watched over by a mentor teach the subject they studied at university, and take education courses at a sponsoring university while drawing their salaries.

The traditional sort of American teacher is likely to be young, white and female. Alternative certification attracts more men and more non-whites. In Texas, for instance, roughly 90% of public-school teachers are white, but 40% of those who have joined through alternative certification are non-whites. The AC route also draws teachers willing to go where they are most needed. A survey of Troops to Teachers, a program that turns exsoldiers into public-school teachers (" Proud to serve again"), found that 39% of those taking part are willing to teach in inner-city schools, and 68% in rural areas.

Are they good teachers Officialdom is reluctant to release the details which might answer that question for certain. But anecdotal evidence suggests they do well. In New Jersey, which has been running this sort of program since 1984, rich districts, which can afford to be choosy, consistently hire more AC teachers than poor districts do. In Houston, Texas, where the Teach of America program (TFA) puts recent university graduates into poor communities as teachers, the most effective teachers are generally the TFA ones. " School principals are our biggest fans," Wendy Kopp, TFA’s president, says proudly.

So why not scrap the cumbersome teacher-licensing laws Frederick Hess, a professor at the University of Virginia, has written a paper for the Progressive Policy Institute arguing that teacher-licensing ought to be stripped to the bare essentials. Prospective teachers should be required only to hold a college degree, pass a test of essential skills, and be checked to make sure they do not have a criminal background. Other training is important, argues Mr. Hess, but the market, not state legislators, should decide what that training looks like. This notion of "competitive certification" has drawn favorable attention from the Bush administration.

What has changed since the introduction of AC（）

A. Schools now have more male than female teachers

B. Non-whites account for 40% of Texas’s school teachers

C. AC has turned a number of soldiers into teachers

D. The percentage of teachers willing to work in inner city has risen

以下哪些因素不是恒星形成所必需的基本条件？（）  

A、氢气

B、引力

C、足够长的时间

D、重元素