中央预算和地方各级政府预算，应当参照上一年预算执行情况和本年度收支预测进行编制。（）

罗马法和雅典的政治制度为后世提供了宝贵的参考经验。阅读下列材料：

材料1：

图1 公民大会会场与演讲台遗址

图2 十二铜表法

图3 查士丁尼与廷臣

材料2：德国著名法学家耶林在其著作《罗马法精神》一书中说：“罗马帝国曾三次征服世界，第一次以武力，第二次以宗教（基督教），第三次以法律。武力因罗马帝国的灭亡而消失，宗教随着人民思想觉悟的提高和科学的发展而缩小了影响，唯有法律征服世界是最为持久的征服。”

请回答：

（1）假如你是生活在雅典（公元前461年至公元前429年）的公民，经常在图1所示的场合进行演说和辩论，从中你所体会到雅典民主政治的基本特点是什么？在当时你所亲身感受到的雅典民主政治的基本运作方式是什么？

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（2）图2颁布的意义是什么？说明图3所示人物对法制建设作出了哪些贡献？有何重大意义？

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（3）据材料2和所学知识，用史实说明罗马帝国“唯有法律征服世界是最为持久的征服”。

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Mulch is a protective cover of material that is spread on top of soil.It is usually made out of organic material, like crop waste.Farmers may keep the remains of maize or other crops on top of the soil.This creates mulch on the soil surface.The plant remains help protect the soil against wind and water damage.Mulching is one of the best things people can do for their plants.It also helps keep the soil from getting dry, and reduces the need for watering plants.It also limits temperature changes in the soil.And it stops unwanted plants, or weeds，from growing.

Organic mulch improves the condition of soil.As the mulch breaks down, it provides material which keeps the soil from getting hard.This improves the growth of roots and increases the movement of water through the soil.It also improves the ability of the soil to hold water. Organic mulch contains nutrients for plants.It also provides a good environment for earthworms and other helpful organisms in the soil.

It is easy to find organic mulch materials.Cut­up leaves and small pieces of tree bark can be used.Grass cuttings are also a good mulch for plants. Mulch from newspapers works well in controlling weeds.

The best time to add mulch depends on your goal.Mulch provides a thick barrier between the soil and the air.This helps to reduce temperature changes in the soil. As a result，mulched soil will be cooler than other soil in the summer.In winter, the mulched soil may not freeze as deeply as other soil.The best time is after the ground has frozen, but before the coldest weather arrives.Spreading mulch before the ground has frozen may attract small animals searching for a warm place to spend the winter.Delaying the spreading should prevent this problem.The animals will probably find another place to live.

小题1:The author tells us the following EXCEPT________.

A．what mulch is and its benefits

B．the best time to add mulch

C．what can be mulched on the soil surface

D．the bad effects of mulch小题2:The following can be used as organic materials to make mulch EXCEPT________.

A．tree barks

B．cut­up leaves

C．grass cuttings

D．plastic小题3:Which of the following is the benefit of mulch?

A．Protecting the soil against wind and water damage.

B．Keeping the soil wet and reducing the need for watering plants.

C．Reducing temperature changes in the soil and stopping unwanted weeds

growing.

D．All of the above.小题4:The main idea of Paragraph 2 is that organic mulch can________.

A．improve the condition of soil

B．improve the ability of the soil to hold water

C．provide a good environment for earthworms

D．improve the growth of roots and increase the movement of water through thesoil

小题5:From the last paragraph, we know ________.

A．the best time to add mulch is in spring and summer

B．the best time to add mulch is after the coldest weather arrives

C．the best time to add mulch depends on weather

D．choosing the best time to add mulch can avoid attracting small animals

加热炉燃烧所产生的烟气排入大气时的温度称为（）。

A、排烟温度

B、炉膛温度

C、炉出口温度

单芯电缆的接地线有两部分，为（）。

A.互联箱外壳的接地引线

B.接地网或接地极与电缆的接地点之间的引线

C.各相护套间的等位连接线

D.电缆支架的连续接地线

会计凭证类会计档案的保管期限均为15年。