验证性实验

“没有成功，人生便暗淡无光；没有自信，人生便失去成功的可能；失去自信，就像一把潮湿的火柴，永远点不燃成功的火焰。”自信如此重要，是因为[ ]

①自信会使不可能成为可能，使可能成为现实

②自信使人勇敢无畏

③自信能发挥人的潜能

④自信就等于成功

A、①②③④

B、①②③

C、①②

D、②③④

男性，63岁。3年前曾作右腹股沟斜疝高位结扎+修补术，6个月前出现右腹股沟可复性肿块，诊断为复发疝，其最佳的手术方式是（）

A.单纯疝囊高位结扎术

B.疝囊高位结扎+Ferguson修补法

C.疝囊高位结扎+Bassini修补法

D.疝囊高位结扎+Halsted修补法

E.疝囊高位结扎+McVay修补法

Germany’s chimney sweeps—hallowed as bringers of good luck, with their black top hats and coiled-wire brushes— are under attack. Last week the European Commission’s directorate for the internal market revived proceedings against an antiquated German law that protects sweeps against competition. The country’s chimney sweeps enjoy a near-perfect monopoly. Germany is divided into around 8000 districts, each ruled by its own master sweep who usually employs two more sweeps. Although this is a private enterprise, the maintenance and inspection service provided is compulsory and prices are set by the local authority: sweeps cannot stray outside their district, nor can householders change their sweep even if they loathe him. This rule cuts both ways. "There are some customers I can’t stand either," says one Frankfurt sweep.

The rationale is simple: chimney-sweeping and related gas and heating maintenance in Germany are treated as a matter of public safety. Annual or semi-annual visits are prescribed, keeping the sweeps busy all year round. For centuries, chimney-sweeps in Europe were a wandering breed. But in 1937 the chimney-sweep law was revised by Heinrich Himmler, then the acting interior minister. His roles tied chimney sweeps to their districts and decreed that they should be German, to enable him to use sweeps as local spies.

The law was updated in 1969, leaving the local monopolies in place but opening up the profession, in theory at least, to non-Germ, ans. But in practice few apply. Four years ago a brave Pole qualified as a master in Kaiserslautern, according to a fellow student, and this year an Italian did so in the Rhineland Palatinate. But he, like most newly qualified German masters, will spend years on a waiting list before he gets his own district.

The European Commission would like to see a competitive market in which people can choose their own sweeps, just as they choose builders or plumbers. It first opened infringement proceedings in 2003, and the German government of the time promised to change the law but failed to do so. And despite the huffing and puffing from Brussels, tile government is still reluctant to dismantle its antiquated system on safety grounds. The number of deaths from carbon-monoxide poisoning in Germany is around one-tenth that in France or Belgium, claims the Frankfurt sweep. So Germans are likely to be stock with their neighbourhood Schornsteinfegers—whether they can stand each other or not—for some time to come.

What’s the author’s attitude toward the anti-monopoly of chimney sweeping in Germany（）

A. Inevitable

B. Possible

C. Pessimistic

D. Optimistic

各级公务员主管部门领导同级各机关的公务员管理工作。 ( )

根据《建筑工程施工质量验收统一标准》，检验批质量验收合格应满足的条件有（）。

A.主控项目经抽样检验均应合格

B.一般项目经抽样检验合格

C.具有完整的施工操作依据

D.具有总监理工程师的现场验收证明

E.具有完整的质量检查记录