我国的传统文化的特点是（） A.具有包容性和广博性 B.具有民族性和多样性 C.相对

(15分)

以下材料节选自福泽谕吉《脱亚论》

材料一随着世界交通的手段便利起来，西洋文明之风逐日东渐。……对于东方国家的当务之急来说，此文明的东渐之势十分强劲，如果下定决心来阻止它的话，这样做例也不是不行，但观察当今世界的现状，就会发现事实上是不可能的。莫不如与时俱进，共同在文明之海中浮沉，共同掀起文明的波浪，共同品尝文明的苦乐，除此之外别无选择。

材料二 文明就像麻疹的流行一样。眼下东京的麻疹最初是从西部的长崎地方向东传播，并随着春暖的气候逐渐蔓延开来。此时即便是痛恨该流行病的危害，想要防御它的话，又有可行的手段吗？当前不但不应阻止文明，反而应尽力帮助文明的蔓延，让国民尽快沭浴文明的风气，这才是智者之所为。

材料三作为当今之策，我国不应犹豫，与其坐等邻国的开明，共同振兴亚洲，不如脱离其行列，而与西洋文明国共进退。对待支那（指中国）、朝鲜的方法，也不必因其为邻国而特别予以同情，只要模仿西洋人对他们的态度方式对付即可。

(1) 福泽谕吉是日本近代史上著名的启蒙思想家，被称为日本的伏尔泰。其肖像被印在日本一万元钞票一“万元札”上。依据材料一、二归纳概括福泽谕吉的观点。（8分）

(2) 有的学者称福泽谕吉为近代日本军国主义思想的鼻祖。依据材料三评论这种观点。（7分）

阅读理解。

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