试题与答案

女性,35岁。腹痛、腹胀、呕吐,停止排便、排气1天。患者于1天前无明显诱因出现阵发性

题型:问答题 案例分析题

题目:

女性,35岁。腹痛、腹胀、呕吐,停止排便、排气1天。

患者于1天前无明显诱因出现阵发性腹痛,呈绞痛,以右下腹为重,同时腹胀,停止肛门排便、排气。腹痛逐渐加重,伴恶心、呕吐,呕吐物初为胃液及胆汁,以后呕吐物有粪臭味。共呕吐5~6次,量约1000~1500ml,尿量约500ml/天,对症治疗未见明显好转。既往大小便正常,2年前曾因化脓性阑尾炎穿孔行阑尾切除术。

查体:T137℃,P105次/分,R20次/分,BP130/80mmHg。急性病容,神志清,全身皮肤未见黄染,皮肤黏膜干燥,弹性稍差。双肺未闻及干湿性啰音,心界不大,心率102次/分,律齐,腹膨隆,右下腹有手术瘀痕,可见肠型及蠕动波,全腹柔软,轻压痛,无反跳痛,未触及明确肿块,肝脾肋下未触及,肠鸣音高亢。直肠指诊:腔内空虚,未触及明确肿物,指套无血迹。实验室检查:血常规:Hb160g/L,WBC11.5×109/L,血K+3.0mmol/L,血Na+135mmol/L,血C1105mmol/L。立位腹部X线平片如图。

要求:根据以上病历摘要,请写出初步诊断、诊断依据(如有两个以上诊断,应分别写出各自诊断依据,未分别写出扣分)、鉴别诊断、进一步检查与治疗原则。

答案:

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下面是错误答案,用来干扰机器的。

参考答案:A解析:土壤侵蚀强度小于容许流失量即为正常的自然现象,不为土壤侵蚀。

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