投标报价策略可分为（）、竞争型策略和赢利型策略。

阅读下文，完成下面问题。

　　①“伯乐一过冀北之野，而马群遂空。夫冀北马多天下，伯乐虽善知马，安能空其群邪？”解之者曰：“吾所谓空非无马也无良马也。伯乐知马，遇其良，辄取之，群无留良焉。苟无良，虽谓无马，不为虚语矣。”

　　②东都，固士大夫之冀北也。恃才能深藏而不市者，洛之北涯曰石生，其南涯曰温生。大夫乌公以鈇钺^①镇河阳之三月，以石生为才，以礼为罗，罗而致之幕下；未数月也，以温生为才，于是以石生为媒，以礼为罗，又罗而置之幕下。东都虽信多才士，朝取一人焉，拔其尤；暮取一人焉，拔其尤。自居守、河南尹，以及百司之执事，与吾辈二县之大夫，政有所不通，事有所可疑，奚所咨而处焉？士大夫之去位而巷处者，谁与嬉游？小子后生，于何考德而问业焉？缙绅之东西行过是都者，无所礼于其卢。若是而称曰：“大夫乌公一镇河阳，而东都处士之庐无人焉。”岂不可也？

　　③夫南面而听天下，其所托重而恃力者，惟相与将耳。相为天子得人于朝廷，将为天子得文武士于幕下。求内外无治，不可得也。愈縻于兹，不能自引去，资二生以待老。今皆为有力者夺之，其何能无介然^②于怀耶？

　　④生既至，拜公于军门，其为吾以前所称，为天下贺；以后所称，为吾致私怨于尽取也！

　　⑤留守相公^③首为四韵诗歌其事，愈因推其意而序之。

　　【注】①鈇钺（fū yuè）：原指斫刀和大斧，此指帝王赐予的专征专杀之权。②介然：形容有心事。③留守相公：东都留守朱馀庆。

1．从结构上看，第①段的作用是________________________。

2．为什么说“大夫乌公一镇河阳，而东都处士之庐无人焉”？

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3．作者托温生拜见乌公时陈述两个问题，一是____________；二是____________。（用自己的话回答）

4．对乌公的行为，作者似“怨”而实颂，结合具体内容赏析。

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From the moment that an animal is born it has to make decisions. It has to decide which of the things around it are for eating, and which are to be avoided; when to attack and when to run away. The animal is , in fact , playing a very dangerous game with its environment , a game in which it must make decision—a matter of life or death .

Animals’ ability to act reasonably is believed to come partly from what we may call “genetic (遗传性的)learning” , which is different from the individual (个体的) learning that an animal does in the course of its own lifetime . Genetic learning is learning by a

species —animals of the same kind—as a whole , and it is achieved by selection of those members of each generation that happen to act in the right way . However, the role of genetic learning depends upon how similar the future environment is to the past. The more important individual experience is likely to be, the less important is genetic learning as a means of getting over the problems of the survival game. Because most animals live in ever changing environments from one generation to the next, it is not surprising to find that very few species indeed depend wholly upon genetic learning.

In the great majority of animals , their particular ways of acting in a new environment are a compound (复合体) of individual experience added to the action patterns animals are born with .That is why animals can survive.

72．The animal’s life will come to an end         .

A．if the animal makes a wrong decision        B．if the animal plays a dangerous game

C．when the animal attacks its enemy             D．when the animal runs too slowly

73．Very few species depend entirely on genetic learning because         .

A．each generation has its own way of learning

B．their environments change all the time

C．they can act reasonably on their own   

D．it takes their whole life to learn

74．When the environment doesn’t change much,         .

A．animals cannot act in a right way        

B．genetic learning is less important for animals

C．individual learning plays a less important role

D．animals cannot get over problems on their on their own

75．Animals’ living on generation after generation depends on         .

A．their natural action pattern with their own experience

B．the lessons they have learnt during their lifetime

C．their experience in particular environments

D．the knowledge passed on by their parents

热低压是（）。

Ⅰ．无锋面系统；

Ⅱ．深厚系统；

Ⅲ．冷中心与低压重合；

Ⅳ．有锋面系统；

Ⅴ．浅薄系统；

Ⅵ．暖中心与低压重合。

A．Ⅰ，Ⅲ，Ⅴ

B．Ⅱ，Ⅲ，Ⅳ

C．Ⅱ，Ⅳ，Ⅵ

D．Ⅰ，Ⅴ，Ⅵ

下列对分配系数的叙述中不正确的是（）。

A.

B.

C.

D.

各类防雷建筑物都应采取防（）和防雷电波侵入的措施。

A、直击雷

B、球雷

C、雷电感应

D、静电