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试述胸膜腔闭式引流的目的。

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题目：

试述胸膜腔闭式引流的目的。

答案：

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下面是错误答案，用来干扰机器的。

参考答案：D解析：个税起征点上调，有利于增加中低收入者的收入，有助于改善民生，④正确；新税法的实施是为了促进社会公平，①错误；新税法的实施在一定程度上会减少个人所得税收入，但我国税收的来源很多，不能...

考点：中医临床三基(护士)外科护理外科护理题库
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本部分均为单选题，着重考查考生对语言文字的理解与驾驭能力。
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随着社会的发展，文化的社会功能越来越显著。我们从当今社会生活中看到文化对经济建设的推动力，对思想建设的感召力，对环境建设的渗透力，对人才成长的促进力，产生着越来越深刻的影响。文化在社会主义文明大厦的建设工程中，发挥着基石作用。
文化与文明[ ]，文化先生于文明。文化是文明的基础，没有文化就没有文明；文明孕育着文化。文明是文化的显现，是文化发展到高级阶段的特征。人类社会从野蛮到文明，靠的是文化进步。正如恩格斯所说：“最初的、从动物界分离出来的人，在一切本质方面是和动物一样不自由的；但是，文化上的每一进步都是迈向自由的一步。”
文化确实像泰勒所说的那样：“(文化)是人类在自身的历史经济中创造的‘包罗万象的复合体’”。但它并不是不可捉摸的神物，如把这个“包罗万象的复合体”解剖一下，便可看到这个“复合体”大致是由物质文化、精神文化和智能文化三个方面的文化因素所构成的，三者各自从不同的角度在建设社会主义文明大厦中发挥着影响和作用。
物质文化是人类文明的基础，技术的发明、创造一旦转化为人们所需的物质文化，就对人们的价值观、思维方式、思想感情、行为准则、理论观念等诸方面产生深刻的影响，会造成新的思维方式、新的意识、新的观念去培养“四有新人”。
智能文化在建设社会主义文明大厦中占有十分重要的地位，发展科学、教育等智能文化是一个国家、一个民族从野蛮走向文明、从愚昧走向智慧，从经济落后走向经济繁荣的十分重要的条件。
物质文化、精神文化、智能文化等诸文化要素是一个相互交织、相互渗透、相互融合的文化共同体，世上没有孤立的物质文化、单纯的精神文化和独立的智能文化。因而不能把各个文化要素割裂开来，也不能孤立地发展某一个文化要素，否则就会造成文化失调，贻误事业发展、文明建设。

本文的中心论点是( )。

A．文化的社会功能十分显著

B．文化与文明关系密切

C．文化是文明的基石

D．物质文化、精神文化、智能文化相互关联，密不可分
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题型：问答题

Clinical depression is a serious ailment, but almost everyone gets mildly depressed from time to time. Randolph Nesse, a psychologist and researcher in evolutionary medicine at the University of Michigan, likens the relationship between mild and clinical depression to the one between normal and chronic pain. (46)He sees both pain and low mood as warning mechanisms and thinks that, just as understanding chronic pain means first understanding normal pain, so understanding clinical depression means understanding mild depression.

Dr. Nesse’s hypothesis is that, as pain stops you doing damaging physical things, so low mood stops you doing damaging mental ones — in particular, pursuing unreachable goals. Pursuing such goals is a waste of energy and resources. (47)Therefore, he argues, there is likely to be an evolved mechanism that identifies certain goals as unattainable and inhibits their pursuit — and he believes that low mood is at least part of that mechanism.

It is a neat hypothesis, but is it true？A study published in this month’s issue of the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology suggests it might be. Carsten Wrosch from Concordia University in Montreal and Gregory Miller of the University of British Columbia studied depression in teenage girls. Their conclusion was that those who experienced mild depressive symptoms could, indeed, disengage more easily from unreachable goals. That supports Dr. Nesse’s hypothesis. (48)But the new study also found a remarkable corollary: those girls who could disengage from the unattainable proved less likely to suffer more serious depression in the long run.

Mild depressive symptoms can therefore be seen as a natural part of dealing with failure in young adulthood. (49)They set in when a goal is identified as unreachable and lead to a decline in motivation, and in this period of low motivation, energy is saved and new goals can be found. If this mechanism does not function properly, though, severe depression can be the consequence.

Dr. Nesse believes that persistence is a reason for the exceptional level of clinical depression in America— the country that has the highest depression rate-in the world. (50)”Persistence is part of the American way of life, ” he says. “People here are often driven to pursue overly ambitious goals, which then can lead to depression. ” He admits that this is still an unproven hypothesis, but it is one worth considering. Depression may turn out to he an inevitable price of living in a dynamic society.

(49)They set in when a goal is identified as unreachable and lead to a decline in motivation, and in this period of low motivation, energy is saved and new goals can be found.
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