对个人投资者而言，（）是影响资产配置的最主要因素。 A.投资周期 B.资产负债状况

观赏水面风景照片时，总发现景物的“倒影” 比本身暗一些，这是由于[ ]

A．“倒影”比真实景物的清晰度差

B．入射水面的光线有一部分折射入水中

C．光线被反射掉一部分

D．冲洗照片质量有问题

因为套期保值者首先在期货市场以买入方式建立多头的交易部位，故被称为（）。

A.空头套期保值

B.多头套期保值

C.买入套期保值

D.卖出套期保值

典型的胃溃疡疼痛特点是（）

A．腹痛出现无明显规律

B．空腹时腹痛，进餐后缓解

C．进油腻饮食后出现腹痛

D．进餐后腹痛，至下一餐前缓解

E．精神紧张时出现腹痛

An official report, addressing concerns about the many implications of genetic testing, outlined policy guidelines and legislative recommendations intended to avoid involuntary and/or ineffective testing, and to protect confidentiality. The report identified urgent concerns, such as quality control measures (including federal oversight for testing laboratories) and better genetics training for medical practitioners. It recommended voluntary screening, urged couples in high-risk populations to consider carrier screening, and advised caution in using and interpreting pre-symptomatic or predictive tests, because certain information could easily be misused or misinterpreted.

About three in every 100 children are born with a severe disorder presumed to be genetic or partially genetic in origin. Genes, often in concert with environmental factors, are being linked to the causes of many common adult diseases such as heart disease, hypertension (high blood pressure), various cancers, Alzheimer’s disease, etc. Tests to determine predisposition to a variety of conditions are under study, and some are beginning to be applied.

The report recommended that all screening, including screening of newborns, be voluntary. Citing the results of two different voluntary newborn screening programs, the report said these programs can achieve compliance rates equal to or better than those of obligatory programs. State health departments could eventually require the offering of tests for diagnosing treatable conditions in newborns, however, careful pilot studies for conditions diagnosable at birth need to be done first.

Although the report asserted that it would prefer that all screening be voluntary, it did note that if a state requires newborn screening for a particular condition, the state should do so only if there is p evidence that a newborn would benefit from effective treatment at the earliest possible age. Newborn screening is the most common type of genetic screening today. More than four million newborns are tested annually so that effective treatment can be started in a few hundred infants.

Prenatal (preceding birth) testing can pose the most difficult issues. The ability to diagnose genetic disorders in the fetus(胎儿)far exceeds any ability to treat or cure them. Parents must be fully informed about risks and benefits of testing procedures, the nature and variability of the disorders they would disclose, and the options available if test results are positive.

Obtaining informed consent—a process that would include educating participants, not just processing documents—would enhance voluntary participation. When offered testing, parents should receive comprehensive counseling, which should be nondirective. Relevant medical advice, however, is recommended for treatable or preventable conditions.

Genetics also can predict whether certain diseases might develop later in life. For single-gene diseases, population screening should only be considered for treatable or preventable conditions of relatively high frequency. Children should be tested only for disorders for which effective treatments or preventive measures could be applied early in life.

One intention of the policy guidelines was to（）

A. preserve privacy in genetic testing

B. implement compulsory testing

C. minimize concerns about quality control

D. endorse the expansion of screening programs

简述褶曲的类型。