泥石流、滑坡的诱因是：（）。 A.龙卷风 B.强降雨 C.冰雹

挤压制粒时，颗粒的粒度可由（）调节。

患者男，66岁，因“右侧腰部疼痛不适，伴间隙性血尿6个月”来诊。无尿频、尿急、尿痛、发热。查体：T36.2℃，P76次/min，R18次/min，BP121/75mmHg；身高165cm，体重62.8kg；意识清楚，营养中等，全身皮肤无水肿，口唇红润；腹部平软，无压痛、反跳痛。实验室检查：Hb131g/L，血清清蛋白为37.5g/L。PET：右肾及右肾盂内较大团块状高代谢病灶，考虑为肾盂癌多发性转移。诊断：右肾盂癌多发性转移。遂收入肿瘤科治疗。患者入院第7天11：30突然排出鲜红色血尿约400ml，查P121次/min，R22次/min，BP110/67mmHg；经止血、输血、升压等对症处理，14：30查P133次/min，R28次/min，BP100/52mmHg，即送手术室行膀胱镜检查，并予右肾切除。术后P120～146次/min，BP（80～95）/（52～70）mmHg，动脉血氧饱和度85%左右，于19：00转入ICU。目前患者留置伤口引流管1条，引出鲜红色液，尿尿管引出红色尿液，经口气管内插管接呼吸机辅助呼吸，心电监护，留置锁骨下静脉三腔管插管，持续胃管负压引流，并予止血、输血补液及使用镇静、镇痛等治疗。入院第8天，ICU护士及实习学生参加本次临床护理教学查房。

关于经口气管内插管的护理措施，叙述正确的是（）。

A.观察呼吸机的运转情况，观察监测潮气量与设定潮气量是否相符

B.妥善固定气管内插管，每班评估插管外露的长度

C.选择适当的时机吸痰，按需吸痰

D.保证气道湿化充足，防止气道干燥引起痰液黏稠

E.每班次用气囊测压表测气囊压，避免压力过大产生对气管壁的损害

F.吸痰过程中密切观察患者的呼吸、发绀及心率等情况

下图是菜豆种子的结构和萌发过程示意图。请回答：

（1）甲图中①是＿＿＿＿＿＿，对幼嫩的胚有保护作用。

（2）甲图中④是＿＿＿＿＿＿，能发育成乙图中的＿＿＿＿＿（填标号）

（3）⑤的名称是＿＿＿＿＿＿，它的功能是为胚的发育提供＿＿＿＿＿＿。

第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题，每题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Many people have described television as a passive activity that is harmful to children’s

education. However，there are good and bad ways to watch television．Parents who are interested in using television as a learning tool can actually turn time in front of TV into an educational chance．

Probably the most familiar educational way to use television is to simply watch educational programs．In particular，this means selecting channels and programs specially designed for educational purposes．Along with traditional educational shows for children on public broadcasting channels，cable television now offers kids and adults a wide variety of educational programs，with everything from nature shows to historical events in different countries．

Captioning，such as “closed captioning” for hearing disabled viewers provides another way for parents to exploit（开发） the educational possibilities of television．One study showed that children who watched captioned TV got great improvement in their vocabulary and oral reading ability．In addition，parents can make any show a learning class by watching television together with children．By actively joining children in the programs that they are watching，parents can help with the development of such skills as predicting  and summarizing．In order to develop predicting skills，parents and children could first refer to a program’s description in a viewing guide．After reading the program description and guessing what might happen in the program，parents and children could watch together to see which predictions were correct．And to practice summarizing，after watching a program，parents can turn off the TV and ask what the story was about．This kind of activity helps children develop thinking skills such as arranging events in an order and memorizing information．

Although there will still be plenty of times when children watch TV simply for passive enjoyment，parents can help make at least part of their children’s viewing time a more productive activity．Used intelligently by exploiting the learning chances available through various programs，television can play an instructive role in children’s education．

56．Which activity is NOT suggested in the passage?

A．Predicting and summarizing TV shows  B．Watching captions on TV．

C．Enjoying films about nature．              D．Watching shows for homework．

57．We can learn from the last paragraph that ______．

A．not every minute when a child watches television must be educational

B．children should not use television for passive enjoyment

C．some children prefer reading to watching television

D．television offers more learning chances than school

58．Which of the following questions is the major one discussed in the passage?

A．What makes television more interesting than books?

B．Why should schools put television into classrooms?

C．How can parents use television as a teaching tool?

D．Which program can actually make kids smarter?  

船舶或航空器装载从一国境外启运，经该国设立海关地点，不换装运输工具，继续运往其他国家的货物，称为转运货物。 ( )