试题与答案

简述肺静脉高压的主要征象。

题型:问答题 简答题

题目:

简述肺静脉高压的主要征象。

答案:

参考答案:

肺毛细血管一肺静脉超过1.33kPa(10mmHg)即为肺静脉高压。

(1)轻者表现为肺淤血:

①X线表现为肺野透明度下降。

②肺门增大模糊,肺血管纹理增多增粗模糊。

③上肺静脉管径粗于下肺静脉。

(2)间质性肺水肿:肺静脉压力超过3.3kPa(25mmHg)。

X线表现为各种间隔线,即KerleyA、B、C线,以KerleyB线最多见,表现为长2~3cm,宽1~3mm的水平线,位于肋膈角区,与侧胸壁垂直。可伴有胸膜增厚和胸腔积液。

(3)严重时出现肺泡性肺水肿。X线表现为肺内边缘模糊的斑片状阴影。严重者两肺大片状影聚集于肺门区周围,形成所谓"蝶翼状"阴影。病灶短期内迅速变化是其重要特征。

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