有关等长练习的描述，下面哪项是正确的？（） A.收缩时肌肉起止点的距离发生变化 B.

多年生黑麦草在草坪草种混播中的作用主要是（）。

A、优势草种

B、伴生草种

C、先锋草种

D、主要草种

能透过细胞膜并与细胞内受体结合的激素是（）

A.胰高血糖素

B.胰岛素

C.盐皮质激素

D.肾上腺素

E.促性腺激素

科学发展观的科学内涵包括（）。

A.第一要义是发展

B.核心是以人为本

C.基本要求是全面协调可持续

D.根本方法是统筹兼顾

决定不同层级行政组织之间如何分工的是各国的( )

A．纵向权力分配体制

B．横向权力分配体制

C．纵向职责分配关系

D．横向职责分配关系

The increase in global trade means that international companies cannot afford to make costly advertising mistakes if they want to be competitive.

Understanding the language and culture of target markets in foreign countries is one of the keys to successful international marketing. Too many companies, however, have jumped into foreign markets with embarrassing results.

Translation mistakes are at the heart of many blunders in international advertising.

General Motors, the US auto manufacturer, got a costly lesson when it introduced its Chevrolet Nova to the Puerto Rican market. "Nova" is Latin for "new (star)" and means "star" in many languages, but in spoken Spanish it can sound like "nova", meaning "it doesn’t go". Few people wanted to buy a car with that cursed meaning. When GM changed the name to Caribe, sales "picked up" dramatically.

Marketing blunders have also been made by food and beverage companies. One American food company’s friendly "Jolly Green Giant" (for advertising vegetables) became something quite different when it was translated into Arabic as "Intimidating Green Ogre".

When translated into German, Pepsi’s popular slogan, "Come Alive with Pepsi" came out implying "Come Alive from the Grave". No wonder customers in Germany didn’t rush out to buy Pepsi.

Successful international marketing doesn’t stop with good translations—other aspects of culture must be researched and understood if marketers are to avoid blunders.

When marketers do not understand and appreciate the values, tastes, geography, climate, superstitions, religion, or economy of a culture, they fail to capture their target market.

For example, an American designer tried to introduce a new perfume into the Latin American market but the product aroused little interest. The main reason was that the camellia used in it was traditionally used for funerals in many South American countries.

Having awakened to the special nature of foreign advertising, companies are becoming much more conscientious in their translations and more sensitive to cultural distinctions.

The best way to prevent errors is to hire professional translators who understand the target language and its idiomatic usage, or to use a technique called "back translation" to reduce the possibility of blunders.

The process used one person to translate a message into the target language and another to translate it back. Effective translators aim to capture the overall message of an advertisement because a word-for-word duplication of the original rarely conveys the intended meaning and often causes misunderstandings.

In designing advertisements for other countries, messages need to be short and simple.

They should also avoid jokes, since what is considered funny in one part of the world may not be so humorous in another.

One way to prevent errors in advertising in different countries is to（）

A. fire the translators who don’t know the target language

B. use the technique called "literal translation" to reduce the possibility of blunders

C. avoid cultural oversights and avoid certain jokes

D. explain in details when designing advertisement for other countries