输尿管结石的MRI表现中，哪项是错误的（） A.MRI对钙化确定不敏感，因而很少用于

（   ）学会自我控制是我们成长过程中的“必修课”。

GSM-R语音单元自检结果包括网络附着状态、功能号注册状态、（）。

A、合路器状态

B、CIR电台

C、场强状态

D、450M模块

（10分）

雾霾

科学知识：霾与雾的区别

一般相对湿度小于80%时的大气混浊视野模糊导致的能见度恶化是霾造成的，相对湿度大于90%时的大气混浊视野模糊导致的能见度恶化是雾造成的，相对湿度介于80%-90%之间时的大气混浊视野模糊导致的能见度恶化是霾和雾的混合物共同造成的，但其主要成分是霾。霾的厚度比较厚，可达1-3公里左右。霾与雾、云不一样，与晴空区之间没有明显的边界，霾粒子的分布比较均匀，而且灰霾粒子的尺度比较小，一般是0．001微米到10微米，平均直径大约在1-2微米，肉眼是看不到这些空中飘浮的颗粒物的。由于灰尘、硫酸、硝酸等粒子组成的霾，其散射波长较长的光比较多，因而霾看起来呈黄色或橙灰色。

专家声音：中国环境可能继续恶化 根治雾霾至少需20年

《中国低碳经济发展报告2013》的两位主编认为，今后中国的环境可能继续恶化，而要从根本上消除雾霾重现蓝天，可能还需要20-30年以上。

报告指出，世界上没有哪个国家能避免“先污染后治理”的老路和惨痛教训，遗憾的是，中国不但没能避免重蹈覆辙，甚至比他们走得更远，产生了更严重、更广泛、更长久的环境污染。报告根据发达国家的经历分析，在治理大气污染方面，英国从1952年的“雾都事件”到重现蓝天用了50多年，德国用了30多年，日本用了20多年。而中国是一个发展中大国，13亿人口，刚刚超过50%的城市化率，高达50%的第二产业比重，出口带动的增长模式，世界的工厂，以煤炭为主的能源结构等等，使得中国的环境问题比其他国家严重程度深，范围更大，牵扯面更广，原因更复杂，治理起来更困难。

他山之石：看国外如何治霾

1956年，英国颁布了《清洁空气法案》，主要立足点在减少煤炭用量。为此，英国政府大规模改造城市居民的传统炉灶，并在冬季采取集中供暖，将烧煤大户发电厂和重工业迁往郊区。他们又颁布法令，要求工厂按更高标准建烟囱。

美国采取区域环境管理框架，打破州的界限，依据地理和社会经济，将全国划分成十个大的地理区域进行统一管理。环保机构有权进行立法、执法、处罚，并通过强制执行手段和监控、技术改进等相结合的方式协调开展工作。

上世纪80年代，日本开始多渠道整治污染。日本治污的手段之一就是城市绿化，东京有关当局规定，新建大楼必须有绿地，必须搞楼顶绿化。

小题1:下列有关文章的说法不正确的一项是（   ）。（3分）

A．从肉眼可视的角度判断，呈黄色或橙灰色的往往是霾而不是雾。

B．造成中国环境问题严重的原因包括人口众多、第二产业比重大及以煤炭为主的能源结构。

C．要从根本上解决我国的环境问题，至少还需要20年的时间。

D．不少世界经济强国在治霾方面采取了强有力的措施以应对发展经济对环境造成的负面影响。小题2:根据文章的相关信息，我国根治雾霾需要很长时间的原因不包括下列哪一项？（   ）。（3分）

A．没能避免“先污染后治理”的老路，而且污染更严重，环境可能继续恶化。

B．由于人口众多，城市化率不高，第二产业比重大等因素带来的问题比其他国家严重，治理更难。

C．缺乏媒体的广泛宣传，没有通过舆论唤醒民众的环保意识。

D．暂时还没有制订像发达国家那样强有力的法案、措施等来多渠道抑制环境污染。小题3:结合文章内容，为我国的治霾工作提出两条合理建议。（4分）

We were standing at the top of a church tower. My father had brought me to this spot in a small town not far from our home in Rome. I wondered why.

"Look down, Elsa," Father said. I gathered all my courage and looked down. I saw the square in the center of the village. And I saw the crisscross (十字形) of twisting, turning streets leading to the square. "See, my dear," Father said gently. "There is more than one way to the square. Life is like that. If you can't get to the place where you want to go by one road, try another."

Now I understood why I was there. Earlier that day I had begged my mother to do something about the awful lunches that were served at school. But she refused because she could not believe the lunches were as bad as I said.

When I turned to Father for help, he would not help. Instead, he brought me to this high tower to give me a lesson. By the time we reached home, I had a plan.

At school the next day, I secretly poured my lunch soup into a bottle and brought it home. Then I asked our cook to serve it to Mother at dinner. The plan worked perfectly. She swallowed one spoonful and sputtered, "The cook must have gone mad! "Quickly I told what I had done, and Mother said firmly that she would take up the matter of lunches at school the next day!

In the years that followed I often remembered the lesson Father taught me. I began to work as a fashion designer two years ago. I wouldn't stop working until I tried every possible means to my goal, Father's wise words always remind me that there is more than one way to the square.

小题1:

What did the author want her mother to do earlier that day? _______           

A．Do something delicious for lunch.

B．Ask the father to taste her awful lunch.

C．Dismiss the mad cook.

D．Speak to the school about lunch.小题2:

The underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph means ______ . 

A．the cook agreed to serve the soup to Father

B．the matter of lunch hasn’t been settled

C．her father persuaded her mother successfully

D．the method the author thought of was effective小题3:

By sharing her own experiences, the author tries to tell us________.   

A．when one road is blocked, try another

B．how bad the lunch of her school is

C．how wise her father is

D．about the church rower' near her home

开采锰结壳时，首先必须将结壳从基岩上（）下来，经过破碎，送入一个重选机上初步抛废，将夹带的基岩一类的杂质除掉，然后通过水力提升装置将结壳提升到海面上采矿船上。

A.爆破

B.剥离

C.捶击

D.刮擦