根据组织政策、程序和/或时间指南的要求，护士应该胜任脐带导管的工作，包括（）工作 A

阅读下面一段文字，完成1 ～4题。

        大约在46亿年前，地球由太阳星云中分离出来的星际物质演化而来,它的基本成分是氢气和氦气以及一些尘埃。固休尘埃聚集结合形成地球的内核，围绕在外部的大量气体组成原始大气,因此在地球形成时，原始大气也已经同步形成。原始大气的成分比较单一,主要是氢和氦。那时整个大气层是不稳定的,刚刚诞生的地球显然还不具备“笼络”原始大气的能力而面临内外交困的局面：内部有“叛逃分子”，因为氢是轻元素，属于容易逃离的气体，它的速度很快，常常一不留神就飞出地球；威胁大气稳定的外部因素则是太阳风，它是太阳向空间释放出的高速带电粒子流，时速达到150万～300万千米，在掠过地球时，将氢和氦统统掠走，给原始大气带来毁灭性的打击。

        由于“初生”的地球引力较小不能够在争夺气体之战中获胜，原始大气就这样在产生后不久又消失了。

        原始大气被吹走之后，在火山爆发、地壳板块碰撞等多种因素作用下，地球又生成了二氧化碳、甲烷、氮、硫化氢和氨等一些分子量比较重的气体。这些气体不断增多，逐渐占据了整个天空，经过亿万年的积累，成为代替原始大气的次生大气。

        在这个过程中，次生大气处于不断逃逸又不断得到补充的动态变化中。温度、逃脱速率、分子量三个因素是气体逃脱地球重力吸引的最关键因素，温度越高、速度越快、质量越轻的大气分子越容易逃脱重力的吸引。此外，猛烈的火山喷发可以扮演类似于火箭助推器的角色，帮助气体以更高的速度逃离地球。

        那为什么地球次生大气仍然存在而没有像原始大气那样消失呢？从组成大气的元素方面来看，次生大气的组成多为分子量比较重的元素，不容易逃离；从地球方面来看，地球的引力增强变大，而且在大爆炸之后，宇宙扩展的速度特别快，行星之间的引力在逐渐减小，影响气体散失的外部因素也减少了；加上地球这个“大气生产工厂”本身的生产能力在增强，在气体逃逸的同时，源源不断的气体又产生出来，因此大气层可以保留，生命也因此得以产生、繁衍。

        氧气的出现打破了次生大气的组成结构，氧与氨发生化学反应，释放出氮。氮与氧不同，它不喜欢与其他元素打交道，也不愿与水合作。只有极少的氮被土壤中的微生物吸收，进入生物界，但是一旦生物死去，这一点点氮又回到了空气里。因此氨气逐渐被消耗光，而氮气因为“不合作精神”和“洁身自好”的禀性而很少受到损失，因此大气中氮的含量是最高的。

        二氧化碳随着植物大规模地在地球上扩张，消耗一直比较大，逐渐减少；而氧气和氮气不断被大自然的“生花妙笔”分行出来，最终，地球上的大气变成了以氮气和氧气为主的成分，地球“外衣”从此才稳定下来，万物之灵长的人类在这样优越的自然环境下才得以出现，从而真正开启了地球的文明时代。

1.下列关于“原始大气”的解说符合原文意思的一项是（     ）

A.它是由太阳星云中分离出来的星际物质演化而来的,其成分主要是氢和氦。

B.不稳定性是其特征，主要原因是刚刚诞生的地球还不具备足够强的引力。

C.太阳风是太阳向空间释放出的高速带电粒子流，时速可达到150万~300 万千米。

D.由于氢和氦是轻元素，它们成了最容易逃离的气体。随着氢和氦的逃离，原始大气就这样消失了。

2.下列关于“次生大气”的解说不符合原文意思的一项是（     ）

A.是在火山爆发、地壳板块碰撞等多种因素作用下形成的。

B.是由二氧化碳、甲烷、氮、硫化氢和氨等一些分子量比较重的气体组成的，主要来自于地球内部。

C.由于地球引力仍然不够强，气体逃逸现象依然存在。

D.温度、逃脱速率和分子量是气体逃脱地球重力吸引的三个关键因素。

3.关于地球次生大气仍存在而没有像原始大气那样消失的原因,下列阐述不符合原文意思的一项是（     ）

A.次生大气的组成多为分子量比较重的元素，不容易逃离。

B.宇宙大爆炸之后，地球的引力变大了，“笼络”大气的能力增强了。

C.由于宇宙扩展的速度特别快，行星之间的引力在逐渐减少，影响气体散失的外部因素也减少了。

D.地球这个“大气生产工厂”本身的生产能力在增强，在气体逃逸的同时，源源不断的气体又产生出来。

4.根据本文提供的信息，下列推断不正确的一项是（     ）

A.与原始大气形成所需的时间相比，次生大气的形成经过了上亿万年，所需的时间更为漫长。

B.猛烈的火山喷发既生成了一些分子量比较重的气体，又扮演着类似于火箭助推器的角色，帮助一些气体逃离地球。

C.氮气的“不合作精神”指的是它“不喜欢与其他元素打交道，也不愿与水合作”的特点。

D.地球“外衣”的主要成分由氢和氦变成了现在的氧和氮，人类由此开启了真正的地球文明时代。

Imagine you’re in a dark room, running your fingers over a smooth surface in search of a single dot the size of this period, How high do you think the dot must be for your finger to feel it?

Scientists have determined that the human finger is so sensitive it can detect a surface bump just one micron（l0^－6m）"high． The human eye, by contrast, can't tell anything much smaller than100 microns．No wonder we rely on touch rather than eyesight when faced with a new roll of toilet paper．

Biologically, touch is the mother of all sensory（感觉的） systems．It is an ancient sense in evolution: even the simplest single-celled living things can feel when something brushes up against them and will respond by moving closer or pulling away． It is the first sense aroused during a baby’s development and the last to weaken at life's peak． Patients in a deep coma （昏迷）who seem otherwise lost to the world will show skin reaction when touched by a nurse．

“Touch ,is so central to what we are that we almost cannot imagine ourselves without it,” said Chris Dijkerman．“It's 'not like eyesight, where you close your eyes and you don't see anything． You can't do that with touch．It's always there．"

Long ignored in favor of the sensory heavyweights of eyesight and hearing, the study of touch lately:: has been gaining new concern among scientists．They're exploring the effects of recently reported false touch impressions, of people being made to feel as though they had three arms, for example, with the hope of gaining the true understanding of how the mind works．

Others are turning to touch for more practical purposes: to build better touch screen instruments and robot hands, a more well-rounded virtual life．。“There's a fair amount of research into new ways of offloading information onto our sense of touch," said Lynette Jones． "To have your cell phone buzzing （making a low sound） as opposed to ringing turned out to have a lot of advantages in．some situations．"

Touch is our most active sense, our means of seizing the world and experiencing it 'first hand． Dr．Susan Lederman pointed out that while we can become aware of something by seeing or hear,ing7;-．from a distance and without really trying, if we want to learn about something by means of touch, we must make a move．We must rub the cloth, or pet the cat． Touching is a two-way street, and that's not true for seeing or hearing． If you have a soft object and you squeeze it, you change its shape． The physical world reacts back．"

Our hands are smart and can do many tasks automatically - button a shirt, fit a key in a lock, play the; piano for others．Dr．Lederman and her colleagues have shown that blindfolded subjects can easily recognize a wide range of common -objects placed．in their hands．But on some feeling tasks, touch is all thumbs （very clumsy）． When people are given a raised line drawing of a common object, they're puzzled．“If all we've got is outline information;" Dr．Lederman said,．“no weight, no texture, no temperature information, well, we're very, very bad with that．"

Touch also turns out to be easy to fool, Among the sensory tricks now being investigated is something called the Pinocchio illusion． Researchers have found that if they shake the band of the biceps（二头肌）, many people report feeling that their forearm is getting 'longer, their hand floating ever further from their elbow（肘）． And if they are told to touch the forefinger of the shaken arm to the tip of their nose, they feel as though their nose was lengthening, too． 

小题1:Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?   

A．Our eyes are more sensitive than our fingers．

B．Our fingers are more sensitive than our eyes．

C．Our eyes are more sensitive than our ears．

D．Our noses are less sensitive than our ears．小题2:The sense that is firstly awaked during a child's development is the sense of        ．

A．sight

B．taste

C．hearing

D．touch小题3:The underlined sentence “You can't do that with touch” here means “You can't        ”．

A．close your skin

B．close your eyes '

C．touch anything

D．see anything小题4:Scientists are lately getting interested in the following except      ．

A．living a well-rounded virtual life

B．understanding how the mind works

C．favoring eyesight and hearing

D．building better 'touch screen objects小题5:In the view of       , movement is needed when we want to know something by touching．

A．the author

B．Chris Dijkerman

C．Lynette Jones

D．Susan Lederman

下列对118号元素原子的“衰变链”过程描述不正确的是 ______。

A．在衰变过程中，118号元素先后共释放出3颗阿尔法粒子

B．118号元素最后变成了两颗大小差不多的其他原子

C．在衰变过程中发现了116、114和112号元素

D．两个质子和两个中子组成的阿尔法粒子其实就是氦原子

治安管理处罚的适用主体是( )。

A．人民政府
B．公安机关
C．司法机关
D．社会团体

患儿男，生后2天，出生体重为2400g。因吸入性肺炎入院，入院时患儿呼吸急促，口唇稍发绀。即置于辐射保暖床上抢救。

该患儿吸氧的流量应选择每分钟为（）

A.1L

B.2L

C.3L

D.4L

E.5L