折射层的波速V越高，则折射波时距曲线的斜率越小。

阅读短文，根据要求完成下面各小题。

Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back. This is why some friendships don’t last long .To have a friend, you must learn to be a good friend. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous; be understanding.

Honesty is where good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust(信任)one another. They should tell the truth. If you aren’t honest, you’ll lose your friend’s trust. (1)A study shows that those who often tell lies can’t get on well with the other people. Good friends always depend on one to speak and act honestly.

Generosity makes a friendship grow well. It means sharing. You do not have to give your lunch money or your clothes. Naturally you want to share your ideas and feelings. These can be very valuable to a friend. They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them, you help your friend know better.

Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend, you must listen and understand．(2)Try to put yourself in your friend’s place, or you can’t understand the problem better.

Now, do you know what you should do if you want to be a good friend and keep your friends?

小题1:将(1)句译成中文

小题2:将(2)句改成一个含有if从句的句子。

小题3:回答问题：What can be a first step in solving the problem according to the passage?

小题4:在文中找出与Being generous helps make a friendship go forward. 意思相近的句子，并将它写在答题纸上。

小题5:在文中找出最能表达该短文主题的句子，并将它写在答题纸上。

如图所示，水平固定放置的平行金属板M、N，两板间的距离为d，在两板的中心（即到上、下板距离相等，到板左、右端距离相等）有一悬点O，系有一长的绝缘细线，线的另一端系有一质量为m、带正电荷的小球，电荷量为q。现对两板充电，使得两板间形成一竖直向上的匀强电场，匀强电场的大小为。求：

（1）小球静止时，细线的拉力大小

（2）现给小球以速度，要使得小球在竖直平面内绕O点做完整的圆周运动，小球在整个圆周运动中的最小速度多大？

（3）小球能绕悬点O在竖直平面内做完整的圆周运动，当小球运动到竖直直径AB的B端时，细线突然断开，设此时其水平速度大小为，小球恰好从平行金属板的边界飞出，求平行金属板的长度L。

动眼神经麻痹时出现的症状有（）

A.上眼睑下垂

B.眼球向内、向上及向下活动受限而出现外斜视和复视

C.瞳孔散大

D.调节和聚合反射消失

E.视盘水肿

（）是船舶污染应急行动的总指挥。

A.轮机长

B.大管轮

C.船长

D.大副