搜集下面哪种资料需要一次性调查（）。 A.商品销售量 B.商品销售额 C.商品库存量

公元前4世纪中叶，秦国颁行“分异令”，规定“民有二男以上不分异(即分家)者，倍其赋”。也就是说，“禁止父子兄弟同家共财”，实行“诸子有份”。此规定                                                      (　　)

A．是分封制影响的产物

B．推动了郡县制的建立

C．冲击了传统的宗法制

D．有利于加强君主专制

Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.

In the early 16^th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.

Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18^th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea; clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?

Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist(免疫学家)，encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground.

小题1:The kings of France and England in the 16^th century closed bath houses because        .

A．they lived healthily in a dirty environment.

B．they thought bath houses were to dirty to stay in

C．they believed disease could be spread in public baths

D．they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease小题2:Which of the following best describes Henry IV’s attitude to bathing?

A．Afraid.

B．Curious.

C．Approving.

D．Uninterested.小题3:How does the passage mainly develop?

A．By providing examples.

B．By making comparisons.

C．By following the order of time.

D．By following the order of importance.小题4:What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?

A．To stress the role of dirt.

B．To introduce the history of dirt.

C．To call attention to the danger of dirt.

D．To present the change of views on dirt.

男，7岁。右下后牙疼痛l周，脸肿 3天。检查：

大面积龋坏，Ⅱ度松动，叩疼(++)，龈颊沟变浅，扪及波动感，扪疼(+)。

近中HE面深龋洞，叩诊(-)，温度测试同对照牙。X线显示：

根分歧大面积低密度影，远中根吸收2/3，恒牙胚牙囊不连续，上方骨板模糊不清。

龋近髓，骨硬板连续。

训诊断是（）。

A．中龋

B．深龋

C．可复性牙髓炎

D．牙髓充血

E．慢性根尖炎

关于奥美拉唑的叙述哪些是合理的（ ）

A．H₂受体拮抗剂，治疗胃溃疡

B．为两性化合物

C．经H⁺催化重排为活性物质

D．质子泵抑制剂

E．分子中含手性碳

汽轮机真空缓慢下降的原因有哪些？