根据我国刑事诉讼法及其他相关规定，下列案件中的哪一种案件应由人民检察院直接立案侦查(

纳税人在全国范围内跨省、自治区、直辖市使用的土地，其城镇土地使用税的纳税地点由国家税务总局确定。()

一氧化碳的爆炸极限是12.5%～74.5%，也就是说，一氧化碳在空气中的浓度小于12.5%时，遇明火时，这种混合物也不会爆炸。

Andrew Motion, the poet laureate, and Lord Smith, the former culture secretary, have launched a campaign to stem the flow of famous writers’ archives being sold to universities in America. They are leading a 15-p group of eminent literary figures demanding tax breaks, government funding and lottery cash to help British institutions match the bids of their rich American rivals. The campaign comes amid fears that the papers of Salman Rushdie, Zadie Smith and Kazuo Ishiguro, author of The Remains of the Day, may go abroad. All three are understood to have been approached recently by agents acting for institutions in America.
In recent years British authors whose papers have been sold abroad include the novelists Peter Ackroyd, Julian Barnes and Malcolm Bradbury and the playwrights David Hare and Tom Stoddard. The works of JM Barrie, the writer of Peter Pan, Graham Greene, DH Lawrence and Evelyn Waugh are already held abroad. In 1997, a year before his death, Ted Hughes, the late poet laureate, sold his archive for about ￡500,000 to Emory University in Atlanta. While taxpayers may be happy to fund purchases of famous paintings so that they remain in the country and be put on show, it is less clear what the immediate benefit would be in paying for authors’ archives to be kept here.
Adrian Sanders, a Liberal Democrat member of the Commons culture select committee, said public money should be spent on "more pressing" projects. "The fact that archives such as this go abroad is, I’m afraid, the reality of the world," he said. "We have many artifacts in the UK that belong to other cultures. " The campaign argues, however, that valuable research sources are being lost. Foreign institutions sometimes charge for access to the material and, as the authors retain copyright, the papers cannot be made available on the internet.
"This is about our cultural heritage as well as the obvious research opportunities," said Motion, whose campaign group includes Michael Holroyd, the biographer and former president of the Royal Society of Literature, and Richard Ovenden, keeper of special collections at Oxford University. They are calling for the culture secretary to be given the authority to delay the export of items considered a significant part of the national heritage to enable British institutions to put together bids. The campaigners want an increase in direct grants and the removal of Vat from unbound papers, which increases the cost of purchases in this country.
Smith, who was culture secretary from 1997-2001, said: "It won’t cost the Treasury an arm and a leg—we’re talking pennies, really." The campaigners say American universities are targeting young British writers and offering between ￡50,000 and ￡300,000 for their notebooks, manuscripts and letters. Joan Winterkorn, a broker who negotiated the sale of the papers of Laurence Olivier and the writers Kenneth Tynan and Peter Nichols to the British Library, said the cream of British archive material will continue to be "up for grabs" unless the tax laws are changed. "American universities are increasingly creating a working relationship with younger and younger writers, so this is not something that is going to go away," she said.
It is understood that an academic from one American institution was flown to London this month with a specific brief to "nobble" Ishiguro at the Booker prize dinner in London. Ishiguro, 50, who was nominated for his novel Never Let Me Go and who won the Booker in 1989 for The Remains of the Day, has not yet made a decision, according to his spokeswoman. She said he had been approached by a number of US universities. Arnold Wesker, best known for his plays Roots and Chips with Everything, sold three tons of letters, manuscripts and papers to an American university in 2000. "I was offered a derisory ￡60,000 from the British Library and ￡100,000 from the University of Texas at Austin—there was no contest," said Wesker, 73. "I would much sooner have had my work here in London but the gap was too large... it is a shame."
A source close to Rushdie, whose papers stretch back to the publication of his first novel, Grimus, in 1975, said he had received "scores" of approaches from America. The author, who now lives mainly in New York, said this weekend that he had "no immediate plans" to sell his archive. Were he to sell abroad, it is likely that there would be a public outcry given the amount of taxpayers, money spent on his protection following the Satanic Verses affair. Zadie Smith, the author of White Teeth, which won the Whitbread award in 2000, has also received "several approaches from buyers," according to a friend. The University of Texas at Austin spends an estimated ￡3m a year on its collections. It specializes in British and Irish writers and includes the papers of George Bernard Shaw, James Joyce and Edith Sitwell among its possessions.

When the Liberal Democrat Adrian Sanders says the fact that the British writers’ archives "go abroad" is "the reality of the world," (para. 3) he most probably implies that ______.

A．this kind of trading is quite normal and should not be surprising

B．the public money should be used to retain the manuscripts of these writers

C．the British have also bought these artifacts from artists from other countries

D．it is not well-grounded to use taxpayers~ money to keep British writers’ archives

阅读下面的文言文，完成1~4题。

　　平阳侯曹参者，沛人也。秦时为沛狱掾，而萧何为主吏，居县为豪吏矣。参始微时，与萧何善；及为将相，有。至何且死，所推贤唯参。参代何为汉相国，举事无所变更，一遵萧何约束。择郡国吏木诎于文辞，重厚长者，即召除为丞相史。吏之言文刻深，欲务声名者，辄斥去之。日夜饮醇酒。卿大夫已下吏及宾客见参不事事，来者皆欲有言。至者，参辄饮以醇酒，间之，欲有所言，复饮之，醉而后去，终莫得开说，以为常。

　　相舍后园近吏舍，吏舍日饮歌呼。从吏恶之，无如之何，乃请参游园中，闻吏醉歌呼，从吏幸相国召按之。乃反取酒张坐饮，亦歌呼与相应和。参见人之有细过，专掩匿覆盖之，府中无事。

　　参子窗为中大夫。惠帝怪相国不治事，以为“岂少朕与”？乃谓窗曰：“若归，试私从容问而父曰：‘高帝新弃群臣，帝富于春秋，君为相，日饮，无所请事，何以忧天下乎？’然无言吾告若也。”窗既洗沐归，间侍，自从其所谏参。参怒，而笞窗二百，曰：“趣入侍，天下事非若所当言也。”至朝时，惠帝让参曰：“与窗胡治乎？乃者①我使谏君也。”参免冠谢曰：“陛下自察圣武孰与高帝？”上曰：“朕乃安敢望先帝乎！”曰：“陛下观臣能孰与萧何贤？”上曰：“君似不及也。”参曰：“陛下言之是也。且高帝与萧何定天下，法令既明，今陛下垂拱，参等守职，遵而勿失，不亦可乎？”惠帝曰：“善。君休矣！”参为汉相国，出入三年。卒，谥懿侯。子窗代侯。百姓歌之曰：“萧何为法，顜②若画一；曹参代之，守而勿失。载其清净，民以宁一。”

　　太史公曰：曹相国参攻城野战之攻所以能多若此者，以与淮阴侯俱。及信已灭，而列侯成功，唯独参擅其名。参为汉相国，清静极言合道。然百姓离秦之酷后，参与休息无为，故天下俱称其美矣。

　　【注】①乃者：往日，上次。②顜（jiǎng）：明确。

1．对下列句子中加粗词语的解释，不正确的一项是（     ）

A．即召除为丞相史——除：授予官职

B．惠帝怪相国不治事——治：治理

C．趣入侍，天下事非若所当言也——趣：以……为兴趣

D．然百姓离秦之酷后——离：通“罹”，遭受

2．下列各组句子中，全都表明曹参“清净无为”的一组是（     ）

①举事无所变更，一遵萧何约束

②择郡国吏木诎于文辞，重厚长者

③至者，参辄饮以醇酒

④吏舍日饮歌呼

⑤亦歌呼与相应和

A．①②③

B．②③⑤

C．①③⑤

D．②④⑤

3．下列对原文有关内容的分析和概括，不正确的一项是（     ）

A．司马迁以史学家的眼光，评价曹参战功的获得借助了淮阴侯韩信的才干和力量。

B．汉惠帝责怪相国曹参不理政事，怀疑是轻视自己，于是叫曹参的儿子回家后试着私下随口问问他的父亲怎么回事。

C．曹参代替萧何做了汉朝的相国，完全遵循萧何制定的法令，办事无所变更，日夜痛饮醇厚的美酒。

D．曹参起初卑微的时候，跟萧何交好；等到后来一个做了 * * ，一个做了相国，有了深交。萧何在临终时，向皇上推荐的贤臣只有曹参。

4．把文中画线的句子翻译成现代汉语。

（1）吏之言文刻深，欲务声名者，辄斥去之。

译文：_______________________________________________

（2）乃请参游园中，闻吏醉歌呼，从吏幸相国召按之。

译文：_______________________________________________

政党的政治性表现在（）。

A.政党把掌握政治资源作为自己的直接目标

B.政党都制定了成文或不成文的纪律规定

C.政党总是要在一定程度上联系那些理解、支持自己的政治纲领的群众

D.政党并不是缺乏正式结构的派系，也不是活动结束即消失无踪的竞选组织