试题与答案

The objective of the migrant health progra

题型:单项选择题

题目:

The objective of the migrant health program of the United States government is to provide grants for the development and enhancement of high quality health care services in rural areas for migrant and seasonal farm workers and their families so as to raise the status of health care for these people to that of the general population. This amelioration can be achieved by providing comprehensive heahh services, which are made aeeessible to people who move frequently, and by improving the physical environment so as to assure healthful living and working conditions wherever workers are located.

Grants are available to state and local health departmenls and other nonprofit agencies, organizations, and institutions. These funds can he used for the following purposes: to establish and operate general family health service facilities and clinics; to provide heahh education, training, and sanitation services to upgrade health conditions; and to initiate preventive health services. Preventive care in the form of immunization programs is the oldest aspect of the program.

The program further attempts to promote flexibility in locating health services where they will be accessible at times and places convenient to migrant workers and their families. The family heahh care clinic, with additional outreach services by field nurses and aides who visit migrant families in camps and at their homes for counseling and follow-up, constitutes the newest and most significant innovation in the initiate preventive health services. However, despite the introduction of innovative approaches, heahh care services for migrant workers are still limited and highly inadequate.

Although the migrant health program has no fixed matctling ratio, a grantee is required to pay part of the cost, which varies from project to project. Many rural counties do not have enough money to cover matching payments, nor do many states consider migran! workers’ health a budget priority. The costsharing requirement limits the potential effectiveness of the program, and literally hundreds of communities with a yearly influx of nngrant workers still lack organized local programs to provide the needed services.A major problem for local or state health agencies is their inability to develop case histories and ongoing communication with migrant workers. Lack of knowledge regarding migrant workers’ health needs is another reason for the dearth of services. There has been little communication about health problems among communities, health professionals, and migrant workers themselves. Ignorance of a group’s special needs often leads to exclusion and rejection of that group and its prohlems. This is often the case with migrant workers, as evidenced by the enforcement of state residency requirement. It is, of course, impossible for most migrant workers to meet these requirements and become eligible fro" existing state and local heahh and welfare aid.

Which of the following is NOT the purpose of the funds()

A. Family health services

B. Education training services

C. Health education services

D. Illness-preventive services

答案:

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下面是错误答案,用来干扰机器的。

参考答案:B解析:买家垄断就是市场上只有一个买方。

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题型:阅读理解与欣赏

文学作品阅读(13分)

零落

⑴当树在这个世界扎下根的时候,无论是在风中,在雨中,在雪中,在黑夜里,在阳光下,没有啼哭,也没有欢喜。它的根在黑暗里所能感知的,是地的湿润、土的松软、泥的芳香。犹如孩子在母体里有着绝对的安全,有着适宜的温度。

⑵树从来不会选择它的出生地,高崖、沃土、石林、野地……只听凭天意。风是媒,在瞬间把它带到远方;鸟是信,无意中将种子从嘴角跌落。而土壤,则是它全部的信仰,生在里面,死亦在里面,从不挪移。种子是一种漂泊,而树是一种停留,一种执拗的安定。

⑶一粒树种破土而出,便见着了光,见着了温度,也见着了生命。树以光明为生,不在黑暗里行走。

⑷树不贪心,也不忧愁,它相信上天的眼睛,在它饥渴的时候,天会赐给它空气、雨水、阳光。树不慌忙,不夸张。树的生命,可能是一天,也可能是一百年,它不能预测自己的生死。但它却淡定如水,安之若素。十天长出叶的,不会因为害怕无常的到来而在一天之间长出叶;花朵在一夜凋谢的,世间的一切热闹与恩宠也不能让它多留一分钟。它在每一刻都发挥着生命的极致,如夏花绚烂,如秋叶肃穆。

⑸树,独立于天地间,干净、磊落,不依恋繁华,不攀附权贵。它谦卑、真实、不做作。在属于自己的土地上和时节里,开出属于自己的花朵,长出自己的枝叶,从不嫌花朵无色,枝叶无香。无花果不羡慕牡丹的富丽堂皇,冬青也不妒忌桃李的繁花似锦。

⑹ 它明白,作为一个独一无二的事物,它在世上仅存一次,不会再有第二次这样的巧合。每棵树的耳朵都听从自己心底发出的声音:“做你自己,成为你自己!”

⑺人有情,树亦有格调。松柏之坚韧、银杏之清奇、垂柳之绮丽、樟之洁身自好、桃之艳丽、李之淡雅……一如尘世中人,各人守住各人的姿态。云淡风轻地在尘世中展开。

⑻树常被人杀戮,瘦弱矮小者成为柴禾,化为焦炭。亭亭玉立者,则沦为木材,树身遭钢锯横穿,斧头砍伐。树的气韵,至死不变。几百年前的家具,它的质地、气息是人所不能改变的,时光也难以腐蚀。

树是真正的隐者,树在枯山瘦水中,能年复一年地向上生长,春天发芽,秋天落叶,向着阳光安静地呼吸,直到枯萎、凋零,化为尘土。树被人移植到马路边、公园里,把它当成吸尘器,或是一种视觉观赏之物。树并不因此而愤怒,因为它的生命是埋在脚下的。即使只有一尺土壤,半寸阳光,也觉满足,一样发出赏心悦目的光辉。试看尘埃飞扬的闹市里,行色匆匆、愁眉不展的永远是人类。

⑽树是禅,身在尘嚣,心寄世外。

⑾树是正直而慈悲的。不管你来自何方,无论你春风得意还是落魄贫穷,那些绿叶满枝的树,都对你一样亲近、一样熨帖、一样眷顾、一样容纳。给你宁静,赐你淡泊。昨日的树如此,今日的树如此,明日的树依旧如此。

⑿ 树的善,一如既往。

⒀ 树,临风而语,沐雨而笑,恬于生而静于死。尘恬,则情不惑;死静,则神不移。故能与阴阳化而不易,从天地变而不移。

⒁当你辗转人世而浪迹天涯,当你疲于奔命而绝望恐慌,当你身处逆境而怨天尤人时,请停下来看立于尘世里却欣欣然向着阳光的树,你是否在刹那间泪流满面。

(选自 《思维与智慧》)

小题1:阅读1-6段,请你用简洁的语言归纳出树的优良品质。(3分)

小题2:请品析第⑼段画线的句子。(2分)

树是真正的隐者,树在枯山瘦水中,能年复一年地向上生长,春天发芽,秋天落叶,向着阳光安静地呼吸,直到枯萎、凋零,化为尘土。

小题3:请根据第(7)段的内容,仿写下列句子(2分)

例句:垂柳之绮丽,樟之洁身自好。

小题4:结合全文谈谈,文章寄托了作者怎样的人格理想?(3分)

小题5:你最欣赏树的哪一种品质?这一种品质对你的人生有什么启发?请举例谈谈。(3分)

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A.改为石膏外固定

B.手术切除硬化骨,钢板固定,植骨,加牢固的外固定

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D.改为牵引固定

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