成分输血的优点不包括A．减轻输注全血所致的血液循环负担 B．减少各种免疫抗体的产生

On June 5, 1981 the Centers for Disease Control in Atlanta, U.S. announced the presence of a rare, infectious disease in five American homosexuals(同性恋). Soon doctors were finding similar cases all over the country and the world. The AIDS epidemic(流行病)had officially begun. By 1983 it was clear that AIDS had spread around the world. More than twenty years later, AIDS has left twenty-six million dead and another forty million infected.  AIDS has become the worst medical disaster ever experienced by mankind.

Hundreds of young people between the ages of 20 and 45 died each week during the early years of the U.S. AIDS. More than 600,000 cases of AIDS have been reported since 1981 in the United States, and it is estimated that there may be as many as 900,000 Americans infected with HIV.

Though the rate of HIV infections continues to increase in the United States, the number of AIDS cases has fallen sharply since 1996, when antiretroviral drugs came onto the market. Unfortunately, the AIDS epidemic continues today in Africa and much of Asia, where antiretroviral treatment is not available and health care is far from enough. AIDS is the fourth leading cause of death worldwide, and the No. 1 cause of death due to infectious disease.

HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, was first separated in 1983 by a team at the Pasteur Institute in Paris. That discovery made it possible to develop a test for AIDS and trace back to victims who may have died before doctors were aware of the disease.

However, scientists still don't know exactly how and where AIDS started. Finding the source of AIDS could be important in developing a vaccine(疫苗) and be important in mapping the future course of the epidemic.

小题1:It can be inferred from the passage that       

A．antiretroviral drugs will be obtained easily all over the world

B．the best way to stop AIDS is to develop a vaccine

B．scientists will soon find a way to cure AIDS

D．there will be fewer AIDS cases in the world in the future

小题2:Which areas are the most worrying places where AIDS spreads quickly? 

A．Africa.

B．Asia.

C．The United States.

D．France.小题3:The number of AIDS cases has greatly decreased in the United States due to the fact

A．a team at the Pasteur Institute in Paris succeeded in separating HIV

B．some effective medicine has been invented

B．scientists understand AIDS better and better.

D．The rate of HIV infections continue to rise in the United States

小题4:What's the importance of the discovery of the source of AIDS?

A．It can be used to develop a test for AIDS.

B．It can stop HIV forming AIDS.

B．It can reduce the rate of death caused by AIDS.

D．It can help develop a drug to prevent AIDS.

一小儿，女患者。11岁。患甲状腺癌，并有颈淋巴结转移。医生告诉患儿母亲，女孩需做甲状腺癌根治术，按常规手术后要造成颈部塌陷变形，肩下垂，身体的外观和功能都要受到一定损害。当患儿母亲听到要造成这些后遗症后，断然拒绝治疗，带孩子出院。过了不久，患儿家属考虑到癌症将危及到病人的生命，故再次来到医院，要求给予治疗，并请求医生尽可能不给孩子留下终身伤残的痛苦。医生经过再三考虑，决定打破常规，采用一种新的术式，既收到治疗效果，又使女孩子保留外形美观，功能不受破坏。患者及家属同意做此手术，尽管这种术式的治疗效果当时尚不能肯定。手术进行得很顺利，随访远期疗效也很好。

下面说法，哪一点是错误的（）

A.病人应该在医师指导下对治疗做出负责的决定并与医师合作执行

B.既要为病人考虑眼前疗效，又考虑远期疗效

C.医生不可以强求病人做不同意做的手术

D.医生打破常规，采用治疗效果不肯定的术式的做法是不可取的

E.医生为病人着想、勇担风险是值得赞扬的

越王勾践剑刻得字属于（）。

A、甲骨文

B、小篆

C、宋体

D、鸟虫篆

可以使政府每一项支出的具体用途得到全面、具体、清晰反映的支出分类方法是按支出( )进行分类。

A．功能

B．最终结果

C．经济性质

D．发生时间