利用( )确定为产生项目可交付成果而必须进行的具体工作时，项目团队成员可能发现需要

患儿34周早产，生后6小时出现呼吸性呻吟，三凹症，鼻扇，发绀，X线检查可见两肺透亮度降低，支气管充气征。该患儿可能患有（）

A.新生儿肺炎

B.肺透明膜病

C.呼吸衰竭

D.新生儿化脓性脑膜炎

E.缺血缺氧性脑病

支气管扩张患者施行体位引流排痰，下列哪项不正确（）

A.病变肺应处于高处

B.每日应引流2～4次，每次15～30分钟

C.可用生理盐水先作雾化吸入，便于排痰

D.痰量多的患者，应尽快把痰排出

E.排痰时同时配合深呼吸，用力咳痰，可提高排痰效果

阅读理解

     Although there are many ways in which people communicate through speech, public speaking has

probably received more study and attracted more attention than any other. Politicians winning an

election, salespeople presenting products and etc. All depend upon this form of public communication.

Even people who do not make speaking a part of their daily work are often asked to make public

speeches: students at graduation, for instance, or members of churches, clubs or other organizations.

Nearly everyone speaks in public at some time or other, and those who perform the task well often

become leaders.

    There are many reasons for speaking in public. A public speaker may hope to teach an audience

about new ideas, or provide information about some topic. Creating a good feeling or entertaining an

audience may be another purpose.  Public speakers, however, most often seek to persuade an audience

to accept new opinions, to take certain actions, or to see the world in a new way.

    Public speakers usually know well in advance when they are scheduled to make a speech.

Consequently, they are able to prepare their message before they deliver it.  Sometimes, though,

speakers must deliver the message unprepared, or off the cuff, such as when they are asked to speak

at a wedding reception or to participate in an interview.

    When they do not have to speak unprepared, most speakers write their own speeches. Politicians

and business managers sometimes employ professional writers who prepare their speeches for them.

These professional writers may work alone or in small teams. Although the speaker may have some

ideas into the contents of the speech, the writers sometimes have a great influence over the opinions

expressed by their employers. Regardless of how a speech is prepared, the person who delivers it is

given credit for its effect upon its hearers.

1. Public  speaking  is well  known  to  average  people because ________.    

A. most of them have been trained as public speakers 

B. most of them have been audience of such activities

C. most of them have to do it when they study at college

D. the passage does not mention the reason

2. Which of the following is rarely the purpose of public  speaking?

A. To influence people's ideas and behaviour.

B. To persuade the audience to accept an idea.

C. To enjoy the satisfaction from one's own speech.

D. To develop public interest.

3. No matter who writes a speech, the audience ________. 

A. do not believe what the speaker says   

B. know very well whom the speaker is

C. know whose idea the speech really expresses

D. believe it expresses the speaker's idea

数据是构成对象的基本要素之一。通常，数据包括公共数据与（）两部分。前者对外界是可见的，用于对象间信息的传递，而后者则是对象操作实现过程中的一些局部信息，是外界所不可见的。