阅读理解。
The Yungang Grottoes (云冈石窟) lie on the north cliff of Wuzhou Mountain, Datong.
They occupy 1 km from east to west, and hold 53 caves and over 51,000 stone statues.
As excellent examples of rock-cut architecture(建筑学), in 2001, the Yungang Grottoes
became a UNESCO World Heritage Site. According to UNESCO, they are a masterpiece
of early Chinese Buddhist(佛教的) cave art.
During the Northern Wei Dynasty, Pingcheng, now called Datong, was made capital city,
and Buddhism was treated as state religion. Through the ancient North Silk Road, Buddhism
arrived in Pingcheng (Datong). The Yungang Grottoes absorbed Indian Buddhist art, and
combined with traditional Chinese art. They were China's first major stone carved grottoes,
and have a history of over 1,500 years. During the rule of Emperor Xiao Wen in Northern
Wei Dynasty (386-534), a monk named Tanyao was responsible for the construction of the
Yungang Grottoes. The most important work on the grottoes was completed during 460 to
the early 490s. The move of the Northern Wei capital from Pingcheng (Datong) to Luoyang
in 494 ended the construction and carving. Some repairs continued during the Sui and Tang
dynasties, and important restorations (修复) were carried out in the 11th and 12th centuries.
The Yungang Grottoes include a variety of vivid religious figures. Moreover, there are a
lot of different shaped wooden constructions, statues of the Buddhist story, and carvings of
ancient musical instruments.
1. The passage is mainly about _____.
A. the brief introduction to the Yungang Grottoes
B. the situation of the Yungang Grottoes
C. the way to protect the Yungang Grottoes
D. the importance of the Yungang Grottoes
2. The Yungang Grottoes became a UNESCO World Heritage Site mainly because______.
A. they are a masterpiece of modern Chinese Buddhist cave art
B. they are excellent examples of rock-cut architecture
C. they lie on the north cliff of Wuzhou Mountain, Datong
D. they are China's only major stone carved grottoes
3. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Pingcheng and Datong are the same place in different names in different dynasties.
B. During the Northern Wei Dynasty, Pingcheng was made as capital city.
C. Buddhism was treated as state religion from Tang Dynasty.
D. Buddhism arrived in Pingcheng through the ancient North Silk Road.
4. Who was in charge of the construction of the Yungang Grottoes?
A. An Indian monk.
B. Xiao Wen.
C. The emperor.
D. Tanyao.
