基本的客户机/服务器(Client/Server，C/S) 结构是由客户机、服务器和

[化学--选修5有机化学]

食品添加剂必须严格按照食品安全国家标准（GB2760-2011）的规定使用．作为食品添加剂中的防腐剂G和W，可经下列反应路线得到（部分反应条件略）．

（1）G的制备

①A与苯酚在分子组成上相差一个CH₂原子团，他们互称为______；常温下A在水中的溶解度比苯酚的______（填“大”或“小”）．

②经反应AB和DE保护的官能团是______．

③EG的化学方程式为______．

（2）W的制备

①J→L为加成反应，J的结构简式为______．

②应用M→Q→T的原理，由T制备W的反应步骤为

第1步：______；第2步：消去反应；第3步：______．（第1、3步用化学方程式表示）

上运动神经元瘫特点不包括（）

A.肌张力增高

B.腱反射亢进

C.无肌萎缩

D.浅反射减弱或消失

E.失神经电位

阅读理解。

     The research carried out by the University of Bari in Italy could help prove hospitals who are

accused of wasting money on art and decoration as it suggests a pleasant environment helps patients

ease discomfort and pain.

     A team headed by Professor Marina de Tommaso at the Neurophysiopathology Pain Unit asked

a group of men and women to pick the 20 paintings they considered most ugly and most beautiful

from a selection of 300 works by artists such as Leonardo da Vinci and Sandro Botticelli. They

were then asked to look at either the beautiful paintings, or the ugly painting, or a blank panel(板)

while the team put a short laser pulse at their hand, creating a sensation as if they had been stuck

by a pin. The subjects rated the pain as being a third less intense(剧烈的) while they were viewing

the beautiful paintings, compared with when looking at the ugly paintings or the blank panel.

Electrodes(电极) measuring the brain's electrical activity also confirmed a reduced response to the

pain when the subject looked at beautiful paintings.

     While distractions, such as music, are known to reduce pain in hospital patients, Prof de Tommaso

says this is the first result to show that beauty plays a part.

The findings, reported in New Scientist, also go a long way to show that beautiful surroundings could

aid the healing process.

     "Hospitals have been designed to be functional, but we think that their artistic aspects should be

taken into account too," said the neurologist. "Beauty obviously offers a distraction that ugly paintings

do not. But at least there is no suggestion that ugly surroundings make the pain worse. I think these

results show that more research is needed into the field how a beautiful environment can alleviate

suffering."

     Pictures they liked included Starry Night by Vincent Van Gogh and Botticellis Birth of Venus.

Pictures they found ugly included works by Pablo Picasso, the Italian 20th century artist Anonio

Bueno and Columbian Fernando Botero. "These people were not art experts so some of the

pictures they found ugly would be considered masterpieces by the art world," said Prof de Tommaso.

1. The underlined word "alleviate" in the fifth paragraph probably means "_______".

A. cure          

B. relieve          

C. improve          

D. kill

2. Which of the following is TURE about the view of Prof Marina de Tommaso?

A. Beautiful surroundings could help to heal sufferings completely.

B. Hospitals must take their artistic aspects into consideration first.

C. Ugly surroundings will surely make the pain worse.

D. Both music and beauty can reduce pain in hospital patients.

3. From the last paragraph, we know that _______.

A. some artists' paintings were beautiful, so they were masterpieces

B. only art experts could judge they were masterpieces or not, though ugly

C. the artists mentioned above were not really art masters.

D. some of them were art masters, while others were not.

4. Which of the following is the suitable title for the passage?

A. Beautiful surroundings can ease pain.    

B. Ugly paintings could be masterpieces.

C. More research should be done in the field.  

D. Latest environmental research.

眼的屈光系统不能把远处的光线恰好聚焦在视网膜上，称为。如果焦点落在视网膜前，则为_________；焦点落在视网膜后，则为________。

J．Martin认为，自顶向下的资源规划和详细的数据库设计是建立计算机信息系统的整套方法中的两个重要组成部分。其中，自顶向下规划的主要目标是要达到信息的【 】。