问答题简答题：“计算机应用”与“应用计算机”在概念上等价吗？用学科角度和计算机系统的层次结构来说明

题目：

“计算机应用”与“应用计算机”在概念上等价吗？用学科角度和计算机系统的层次结构来说明你的观点。

答案：

参考答案：计算机应用是一个学科的名词，它包含计算机网络、信息管理、数据库技术、人工智能、计算机辅助设计等多个领域，而应用计算机，是从计算机层次结构的角度来看，不同的应用者，应用的方法和目标是不同的，如CPU的设计者是在微程序级应用计算机，目的是为后面的应用者提供功能强大的指令系统、而操作系统的设计者是在汇编语言级应用计算机，目的是扩展硬件功能，为后面的应用者提供良好的操作环境和手段。

题型：阅读理解

阅读理解。

There are 70,000 pubs in England and Wales have several thousand more in Scotland.

Every country has its drinking shop, but none has an institution quite like the British pub.

The most important feature of a good pub (which modern buildings hardly ever achieve) is

a feeling of something private. It must have nooks and crannies, corners and snugs, where

conversations and assignations can take place without the whole world listening in.

Most pubs have at least two separate bars. The "public bar" which is for ordinary and

women is the basic drinking shop. The "lounge bar" (or saloon bar) which is for traveling

salesmen and "ladies" probably has a carpet on the floor and rather more comfortable

decoration. There may be a difference of a few pence in the drink prices, although all pubs

are required by law to put their price lists easily seen on display.

Pubs have been changing over the past few decades. More and more of them sell good,

inexpensive food and are competing strongly with restaurants. Tea and coffee are often on

offer and children are being made more welcome. The law says that no one under 14 may

enter a pub, and between 14 and 18 they must be accompanied by an adult and may not

buy or consume alcoholic drink. In reality some pubs, especially in country districts, welcome

whole families. Some set aside special rooms for children and where there are gardens they

are almost always welcome.

The most basic change, however, came about in the 1938 licensing laws which allowed

pubs in England and Wales to open not just at lunch time and in the evening, but all day, from

11 a.m. to 11 p.m. (Scottish laws already permitted all day opening.)

1. Which of the following can be the best title?

A. Pubs' history

B. Pubs in Britain

C. Changes of pubs

D. Features of a good pub

2. According to the British people, what kind of pub is a good one?

A. The one with all day opening time.

B. The one with good and inexpensive food.

C. The one with all kinds of people enjoying themselves.

D. The one with different parts where people can have a private conversation.

3. In paragraph 4, we can learn that .

A. pubs allow people above 14 to enter alone

B. pubs never allow people under 18 to enter

C. pubs don't sell more expensive food than restaurants

D. pubs often sell alcoholic drinks as well as tea and coffee

4. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

A. The law requires all the pubs have slightly different prices of drinks.

B. Ordinary people and women are often having fun in the "public pub".

C. In some country pubs, children accompanied by their parents are always welcome.

D. Scottish laws allow pubs to open not just at lunch time and in the evening, but all day.

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