试题与答案

某修造船厂发生一起火灾事故。该厂修船船坞几天前有一艘外国船籍的油船(约9万t)入坞

题型:问答题

题目:


某修造船厂发生一起火灾事故。该厂修船船坞几天前有一艘外国船籍的油船(约9万t)入坞,更换侧罐的外板和中央罐的船底外板。
事故发生当天,准备更换其中的左弦3号侧罐(长约40m、宽约10m、高约20m)的外板。上午在罐内装配脚手架,然后由10个人开始对罐内施工部分进行清扫,把堆积在外板更换部分休息室上的残泥用锹、钩刮铲装在容器里,吊到船底。
下午在清扫的同时,又有6人开始外板打眼和切割,用气焊在外板上开大致等间隔的换气孔,同时进行休息室和外板接头的切割,气体(乙炔和氧气)是从甲板上的气体转换器通过软管输入的。作业时已预先在罐底灌上水,并且是在除完泥渣的地方进行的。
但是在开始打眼和切割约1h后,油罐内发生火灾,从事该项作业的6人和清除泥渣的1人向油罐外躲避,其中6人行动较慢,在升降梯等处被烧死或吸入过量一氧化碳而中毒死亡。
经调查分析,事故原因如下:
油罐上部气割或切割的火星引着下部休息室残留的泥渣,又引起其他处残留的泥渣燃烧。罐底的水量少,刮落的泥渣没有完全被水盖住,从而引燃船底泥渣,这也是使火灾扩大的原因。
该造船厂每天定时测定作业场所可燃气体浓度及氧气浓度,根据测定结果的规定在相关场所标明是否可以进行烟火作业,对该船3号侧罐内的作业,清扫组和焊接组之间预先也商议了计划。明火作业时,充分注意到了形成爆炸性混合气体的可能性,但对泥渣这一可燃性物质,对它的易燃程度、应除去的量、残存泥渣的分布状态和使用明火场所的相互位置关系等则没有从安全角度出发给予足够的考虑。油罐维修作业中,泥渣的存在不论在安全方面还是在劳动卫生方面,都是应充分考虑的事项。像这种气割火花引起泥渣着火,初期灭火失败导致火灾的事例时有发生。这类事故有时是发生在油罐内,因此不易躲避,换气也困难,往往造成重大人身事故,为了作业安全,必须事前进行慎重的研究。
这起事故存在的问题是:
(1)罐底部盛水不足。
(2)消防水管虽然拉进罐内,但负责使用的人着火时不在场,未能有效地利用。
(3)带进罐内的灭火器不够用。
为了防止同类事故的发生,须采取的措施:
(1)明确清除泥渣的判断标准和确立按该标准建立的现场检查体制。
(2)规定相应的烟火作业限制(包括禁止)。
(3)调整作业间的联系。
(4)推行以作业指挥人员为中心的安全作业。
(5)确保避难通路、避难口和按需要设置、装备报警器。
(6)配备数量合适的消防设备并掌握使用方法。
根据以上场景,回答下列问题:

进入设备内动火工作应注意什么

答案:

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参考答案:叶片;根系

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According to the passage, which statement is NOT true()

A.A garment label has been a “spokesman” for the certain brand.

B.Nowadays, labels have been one of the most influentially decisive factors in the customer’s purchasing performance.

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D.Labels are somewhat more important than the garments.

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