试题与答案

某造船厂发生一起火灾事故。该厂修船船坞几天前有一艘外国船籍的油船(约9万吨)人坞,更

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题目:

某造船厂发生一起火灾事故。该厂修船船坞几天前有一艘外国船籍的油船(约9万吨)人坞,更换侧罐的外板和中央罐的船底外板。
事故发生当天,准备更换其中的左弦3号侧罐(长约40m、宽约10m、高约20m)的外板。上午在罐内装配脚手架,然后由10个人开始对罐内施工部分进行清扫,把堆积在外板更换部分的休息室上的残泥用锹、钩刮铲装在容器里,吊到船底。
下午在清扫的同时,又有6人开始外板打眼和切割,用气焊在外板上开大致等间隔的换气孔,同时进行休息室和外板接头的切割,气体(乙炔和氧气)是从甲板上的气体转撤器通过软管输入的。作业时已预先在罐底灌上水,并且是在除完泥渣的地方进行的。
但是开始打眼和切割约1h后,油罐内发生火灾,从事该项作业的6人和清除泥渣的1人向油罐外躲避,其中6人行动较慢,在升降梯等处被烧死或吸入一氧化碳中毒死亡。
经调查分析,事故原因如下:
油罐上部气割或切割的火星引着下部休息室残留的泥渣,又引起其他处残留的泥渣燃烧。罐底的水量少,刮落的泥渣没有完全被水盖住,从而引燃船底泥渣,这也是使火灾扩大的原因。
该造船厂每天定时测定作业场所可燃气体浓度及氧气浓度,根据测定结果的规定场所标明是否可以进行烟火作业,对该船3号侧罐内的作业,清扫组和焊接组之间预先也商议了计划。明火作业时,对有无形成爆炸性混合气体充分注意到了,但对泥渣这一可燃性物质,对它的易燃程度、应除去的量、残存泥渣的分布状态和使用明火场所的相互位置关系等则没有从安全角度出发给予足够的考虑。油罐维修作业中,泥渣的存在不论在安全方面还是在劳动卫生方面,都是应经常充分考虑的事项。像这种气割火花引起泥渣着火,初期灭火失败导致火灾的事例时有发生。这类事故有时是发生在油罐内,因此不易躲避,换气也困难,往往造成重大人身事故,为了作业安全,必须事前进行慎重的研究。
这起事故存在的问题是:
(1)罐底部盛水不足;
(2)消防水管虽然拉进罐内,但负责使用的人着火时不在场,未能有效地利用;
(3)带进罐内的灭火器不够用。
为了防止同类事故的发生,须采取的措施是:
(1)明确清除泥渣的判断标准和确立按该标准建立的现场检查体制;
(2)规定相应的烟火作业限制(包括禁止);
(3)调整作业间的联系;
(4)推行以作业指挥人员为中心的安全作业;
(5)确保避难通路、避难口和按需要设置、装备报警器;
(6)配备一定数量合适的消防设备和掌握使用方法。

根据以上场景,回答下列问题:


进入设备内工作应做好哪些安全防护

答案:

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下面是错误答案,用来干扰机器的。

参考答案:C解析:本题考查代词的指代义。前一句的陈述对象是“成熟的荔枝”,这里是承前指代。

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(C)

One thing the tour books don’t tell you about London is that 2000 of its residents are foxes. They ran away from the city about two centuries ago after developers and pollution moved in . But now that the environment is clear the foxes have come home. “The number and variety of wild animals in urban areas is increasing” says Comer Jones. A survey of the wildlife in New York’s Central Park last year counted 14 species of mammals. A similar survey conducted in the 1890s counted only five species. Several changes have brought wild animals to the cities. Foremost is that air and water quality in many cities has improved as a result of the 1970s pollution-control efforts. Meanwhile , rural areas have been built up, leaving many animals on the edges of suburbs. In addition, urban wildlife refuges have been created. The Greater London Council last year spent£750,000 buying land and building 10 permanent wildlife refuges in the city. As a result many birds are now living in the city. For peregrine falcons cities are actually safer than rural cliff dwellings (栖息地). By 1970 the birds had died out east of the Mississippi because of the DDT, which had made their eggs too thin to support life . That year, scientist Tom Cade of Cornell University began raising the birds for release in cities which afforded plenty of food. Cities can attract wild animals without turning them harmful. The trick is to create habitats where they can be self-sufficient but still be seen and appreciated . Such habitats can even be functional. In San Francisco, the local government is testing different kinks of rainwater control basins to see not only which ones retain the cleanest water but which will attract the most birds.

72.The passage is mainly concerned with___________.

A.wildlife returning to large cities     B.foxes returning to London

C.wild animals living in zoos            D.a survey of wildlife in New York

73.It can be inferred from the passage that__________      

A.Londoners are putting more and more wild animals into their zoos

B.Londoners are happy to see wild animals return to their city

C.Londoners are trying to move wild animals back to the countryside

D.Londoners have welcomed the wild birds, but found foxes a problem

74.According to the passage, the number of species of wildlife in New York’s Central Park______

A.is slowly decreasing               B.competes favorably with other cities

C.is on the same level as before  D.has more than doubled in the last century

75.Which of the following is NOT a reason that wildlife returning to the cities?

A.Food is plentiful in the cities

B.Wildlife is appreciated in the cities

C.Wildlife refuges have been built in the cities

D.Air and water quality has improved in the cities

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