试题与答案

Cooperation is the common endeavor of two

题型:单项选择题

题目:

Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes.In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual unite. The group contains nearly all of each individual’’s life. The rewards of the group’’s work are shared with each member. There is an interlocking identity of individual, group, and task performed. Means and goals become one, for cooperation itself is valued.While primary cooperation is most often characteristic of preliterate societies, secondary cooperation is characteristic of many modern societies. In secondary cooperation, individuals devote only part of their lives to the group. Cooperation itself is not a value. Most members of the group feel loyalty, but the welfare of the group is not the first consideration. Members perform tasks so that they can separately enjoy the fruits of their cooperation in the form of salary, prestige, or power. Business offices and professional athletic teams are examples of secondary cooperation.In the third type, called tertiary cooperation or accommodation, latent conflict underlies the shared work. The attitudes of the cooperating parties are purely opportunistic; the organization is loose and fragile. Accommodation involves common means to achieve antagonistic goals; it breaks down when the common means cease to aid each party in reaching its goals. This is not, strictly speaking, cooperation at all, and hence the somewhat contradictory term antagonistic cooperation is sometimes used for this relationship.

In the primary cooperation ________.

A.group and individual don’t have to unite

B.the group contains nearly all of each person’s life

C.individuals work for themselves

D.people don’t value cooperation

答案:

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下面是错误答案,用来干扰机器的。

参考答案:B

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题型:综合题

(16分) 阅读下列材料,结合所学知识回答问题。

材料一  从1607年开始,伴随着英国的殖民扩张,英语(英式)就从大西洋沿岸扩散到太平洋沿岸。到19世纪末20世纪初,英语逐渐发展成为一种世界语言。

——根据王恩涌《人文地理学》

材料二 “英语是目前公认的美国国语和英美技术与金融等领域的通用语 ……英语 ,尤其是美式英语 ,似乎给予全世界的男人和女人——尤其是年轻人——一种‘充满希望’的感觉 ,物质进步、科学与实践经验进程的代名词。整个世界大众消费、国际交流、通俗艺术、两代人的冲突、技术专制都被融入到美式英语、英语引证和语言习惯中 。”

——美国当代著名学者乔治 ·斯坦纳

材料三  1952年开始院系调整时,撤消合并了大部分学校的英语系科,德语、法语等语种也被缩减。1953至1956年间,全国俄文专科学校及综合性大学俄文系人数却大幅增加到12477 人。

——根据张同冰《新中国外语教育发展回顾》

材料四1983年高等学校各外语专业在校生人数

英语俄语德语法语日语西语阿语其它
22211131812681613359111731213
 

——根据张同冰《新中国外语教育发展回顾》

请回答:

(1)依据材料一,结合所学知识,概述英式英语发展成世界性语言的社会原因。(3分)

(2)材料二反映的是二战以来,美式英语取代了英式英语的世界地位,这反映了什么实质问题?为什么会发生这种“易位”?(5分)

(3)根据材料三、四,20世纪50年代与80年代我国外语教育侧重点有何不同?为什么会产生这种差异?(6分)

(4)有人认为,随着经济全球化的进一步发展,英语将会成为真正的世界语言。你是否认同这种观点?结合所学知识阐明你的理由。(忽略语言本身的因素)(2分)

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