试题与答案

共享文件夹权限不具备()权限。 A.读取 B.修改 C.列目录 D.完全控制

题型:单项选择题

题目:

共享文件夹权限不具备()权限。

A.读取

B.修改

C.列目录

D.完全控制

答案:

参考答案:C

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题型:阅读理解

A peer is a person who is about the same age as you. Peers affect your life, whether you know it or not, just by spending time with you. 

Peers can have a good effect on one another. Maybe another student in your science class taught you an easy way to remember the planets in solar system. Maybe you got others excited about your new favorite book and now everyone’s reading it. 

However, sometimes peers affect one another in another way. For example, one kid in school might try to get another to cut class with him, your soccer friend might try to persuade you to be mean to another player and never pass her the ball, or a kid in the neighborhood might want you to shoplift with him. Some kids give in to peer pressure because they want to be liked, to fit in, or because they worry that other kids may make fun of them if they don’t go along with the group. Others may go along because they are curious to try something new that others are doing. The idea that “everyone’s doing it” may influence some kids to leave their better judgments or their common senses behind. 

Peer pressure can be extremely strong and hard to get rid of. Experiments have shown how peer pressure can influence someone to change her/ his mind from what she/ he knows for sure is a correct answer to the incorrect answer-just because everyone else gives the incorrect answer! That holds true for people of any age in peer pressure situations. 

It can be hard to walk away from peer pressure, but it can be done. Paying attention to your own feelings and beliefs about what is right and wrong can help you know the right thing to do. Inner strength and self-confidence can help you stand firm, walk away and resist doing something when you know better.

68. What is the best title for this passage? 

A. Peers have a good effect   B. Children give in to peer pressure

C. Peer pressure is hard to resist    D. Peer pressure

69. The underlined word “shoplift” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”.

A. do some shopping     B. carry goods for shops 

C. steal in shops            D. take the lift upstairs in shops

70. The writer will NOT agree that ________.

A. only children change their correct answers to incorrect ones because of peer pressure

B. peers have an effect on one another

C. peer pressure can be got rid of

D. peers will believe in themselves if there are other peers who agree with them

71. By writing the passage the writer intends to ________.

A. tell people to follow other’s opinions

B. warn people to stay away from their peers

C. tell it is hard to walk away from pressure

D. persuade people to do the right thing regardless of peer pressure

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题型:单项选择题

  人类的历史已经表明,科学的进步总是与工具的进步密切相关的。而要进入神奇的纳米世界,我们必须借助目前世界最先进的显微工具,一个能够窥探原子世界、能够排布原子的工具――扫描隧道显微镜(英文缩写为STM)。

  自有人类文明以来,人们就一直为探索微观世界的奥秘而不懈地努力。1674年,荷兰人列文•虎克发明了世界上第一台光学显微镜,并利用这台显微镜首次观察到了血红细胞,从而开始了人类使用仪器来研究微观世界的新纪元。光学显微镜的出现,开阔了人们的观察视野,但是由于受到光波波长的限制,光学显微镜的观察范围只能局限在细胞的水平上,分辨率大约在10-6~10-7米的水平上,人类能否看得更小、更精确一些呢为了达到这个目的,科学家进行了几个世纪不懈的努力。1931年,德国科学家恩斯特•鲁斯卡利用电子透镜可以使电子束聚焦的原理和技术,成功地发明了电子显微镜。电子显微镜一出现即展现了它的优势,电子显微镜的放大倍数提高到上万倍,分辨率达到10-8米。在电子显微镜下,比细胞小得多的病毒也露出了原形,人们的视觉本领得到了进一步的延伸。但是,相对于纳米尺度,所有这些显微镜都还显得太粗糙了,人们盼望着在探索微观世界的历程中再迈出新一步。1981年,世界上第一台具有原子分辨率的扫描隧道显微镜终于诞生了,这项天才的发明被称为“原子世界的眼睛”,通过它,人类得以真正“看到”了原子、分子世界的奇异的情境,在扫描隧道显微镜下,导电物质表面结构的原子、分子状态清晰可见。

  那么,为什么STM有如此高的分辨率呢它是如何工作的为了弄清这个问题,我们先要从隧道效应讲起。在中学时我们就学过,如果在一段导体的两端加上电压,就会有电流流过这个导体;如果把这个导体弄断并分开呢自然就没有电流了。这就是我们所熟悉的电路常识。但是如果我们想象把这断为两截的导体放得非常非常近,比如说距离控制到小于1纳米吧,情况又会怎样呢根据经典电学的常识。你的脑子里也许会反应出,导体没有接上,应该没有电流吧我劝你不要回答得太快,因为奥妙也许就在这里!

  这两截距离小于1纳米的导体能够产生电流,它叫隧道电流,根据量子力学理论的计算和科学实验的证明,当具有电位势差的两个导体之间的距离小到一定程度时,电子将存在一定的几率穿透两导体之间的势垒从一端向另一端跃过,这种电子跃迁的现象在量子力学中被称为隧道效应,而跃迁形成的电流叫做隧道电流。

  扫描隧道显微镜的基本原理就是利用加上高电压的探针与样品,在近距离(<0.1纳米)时产生的隧道电流来“看”原子。要知道,样品的表面在显微镜下实际上是凹凸不平的。而造成其凹凸不平的原因是因为原子的排布不均匀。由于扫描隧道显微镜的探针非常尖锐,通常只有一两个原子那么尖,当探针在样品表面水平方向上有规律地运动时,我们就会发现,与探针相连的电流器会测出探针上电流的变化,这是因为当探针探到样品表面有原子(凸处)的地方,隧道电流就加强,而无原子的地方(凹处)电流就相对弱一些,通过这个微小的变化,科学家就可以通过计算机“看到”原子的存在,也可以通过探针的针尖从样品表面吸起一个原子移到别处,然后撤去电场,让原子落在新位置上。

  有了扫描隧道显微镜,人类就有了观察和排布原子的工具,它为人类打通了通向纳米时代的道路。

新一代的显微镜为什么称为扫描隧道显微镜,下面表述正确的一项是()。

A.用扫描隧道显微镜探看物体表面会发现原子的排布不均匀,该显微镜又是利用隧道电流研制出来的

B.用扫描隧道显微镜探看物体表面是用探针在样品表面水平方向上有规律地运动,该显微镜又是根据隧道效应原理研制出来的

C.用扫描隧道显微镜探看物体表面会发现原子的排布不均匀,该显微镜又是根据隧道效应原理研制出来的

D.用扫描隧道显微镜探看物体表面是用探针在样品表面水平方向上有规律地运动,该显微镜又是利用隧道电流研制出来的

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