建国前参加工作享受包干制待遇的干部可以办理离休，请问什么是“包干制”？

名著阅读。（5分）

中国有一部古典名著，它最早的德文译名是《强盗与士兵》，法文译名是《中国的勇士们》，美国女作家赛珍珠在将它翻译成英文时定名为“             ”，这部名著是《          》。该书中描写了我们所熟知的打虎英雄               。他在该书中有许多脍炙人口的事迹，斗杀        _，为兄报仇；在快活林里醉打        _。

       两个好朋友在森林里玩耍。突然，有一只熊向着他们走来。一个连忙逃跑，爬到树上躲了起来。另一个来不及逃，只好躺在地上装死。熊走到他身边，用鼻子嗅他的脸。这时候，他屏住呼吸。熊以为他是个死人，就走开了。  

       等熊走了  那个朋友从树上下来笑眯眯地说     喂   熊跟你咬耳朵说了些什么呀

      “它告诉我，在危急的时候，那些撇下伙伴逃跑的，都不是好朋友。”

1．照样子写词语。

      笑眯眯                                                                               

2．给第2自然段加上标点符号。 

3．这篇短文告诉了我们一个什么道理？  

Holding a cell phone against your ear or storing it in your pocket may be dangerous to your health. This explains a warning that cell phone manufacturers include in the small print that is often ignored when a new phone is purchased. Apple, for example, doesn’t want iPhones to come closer to you than 1.5 centimeters; Research In Motion, BlackBerry’s manufacturer, recommends 2.5 centimeters.

If health issues arise from cell phone use, the possible effects are huge. Voice calls - Americans chat on cell phones 2.26 trillion(万亿)minutes annually - earn $109 billion for the wireless carriers.

Devra Davis, an expert who has worked for the University of Pittsburgh, has published a book about cell phone radiation, “Disconnect.” The book surveys scientific research and concludes the question is not settled.

Brain cancer is a concern that Ms. Davis examines. Over all, there has not been an increase in its incidence since cell phones arrived. But the average masks an increase in brain cancer in the 20-to-29 age group and a drop for the older population.

“Most cancers have multiple causes,” she says, but she points to laboratory research that suggests low-energy radiation could damage cells that could possibly lead to cancer.

Children are more vulnerable（易受伤的）to radiation than adults, Ms. Davis and other scientists point out. Radiation that penetrates only five centimeters into the brain of an adult will reach much deeper into the brains of children because their skulls are thinner and their brains contain more absorptive fluid（易吸收的液体）. No studies have yet been completed on cell phone radiation and children, she says.

Henry Lai, a research professor in the bioengineering department at the University of Washington, began laboratory radiation studies in 1980 and found that rats exposed to radiation had damaged DNA in their brains.

Ms. Davis recommends using wired headsets or the phone’s speaker. Children should text rather than call, she said, and pregnant women should keep phones away from the abdomen（腹部）.

小题1:According to Ms Davis, brain cancer increase ____.

A．among children

B．among old people

C．in the twenties

D．among pregnant women小题2:Why do children easily be affected by radiation?

A．Because they haven’t grown up.

B．Because they are too young to protect themselves.

C．Because they use cell phones more often than adults.

D．Because their skulls are thinner and their brains are easily hurt.小题3:What can we conclude from the last paragraph?

A．Pregnant women should keep cell phones away.

B．People should use cell phones in the correct way.

C．If you are a child, you’d better text than make phone calls.

D．When you use a cell phone, use a wired headset or the phone’s speaker.小题4:What does the passage mainly talk about?

A．Be careful when using cell phones.

B．Don’t hold your cell phone against your ear.

C．Rats exposed to radiation have damaged DNA in their brains.

D．Low-energy radiation could damage cells that could lead to cancer.

治安管理处罚中的减轻处罚是指( )。

A．在法定处罚幅度最低限以下给予处罚
B．在法定处罚幅度最低限以上选择轻的处罚
C．在法定处罚幅度内选择轻的处罚
D．在法定处罚种类中选择轻的处罚

影响会让站到发线数量的因素有哪些？主要影响因素是什么？