下列关于生物体的组成、结构与功能的叙述中，正确的是（）。 A.噬菌体、乳酸菌、酵母菌

如图所示，一竖直平面内光滑圆形轨道半径为R，小球以速度v₀经过最低点B沿轨道上滑，并恰能通过轨道最高点A。以下说法正确的是

A．v₀应等于2，小球到A点时速度为零

B．v₀应等于，小球到A点时速度和加速度都不为零

C．小球在B点时加速度最大，在A点时加速度最小

D．小球从B点到A点，其速度的增量为（1＋）

侧重于治疗胃溃疡的药物是（）

A.质子泵抑制剂

B.保护胃黏膜药

C.H受体拮抗剂

D.抗胆碱药

E.胃动力药

任务型阅读。Bryan、Oliver、Scott、Anna 和David马上要去和家人，朋友共度节日。第1-5题是他们

各自度假的信息。阅读下面A、B、C、D、E和F六个假日，为他们每位选定假日，选项中有一项是

多余选项。

_____1. Bryan is going to buy some different kinds of candles. He knows that the colors of candles have a

             long history. People for centuries have burned different colors of candles to attract desired emotions,

             material wealth and so on.

_____2. Oliver is going to invite some poor members of his community to spend the festival with him. He has

             prepared a big fat goat and he also wants to share it with his friends and family.

_____3. Scott is decorating a very tall tree with many colorful ornaments theses days. He also wants to go to

             the church with his parents. He is sure to have a wonderful festival.

_____4. Anna is going to buy some presents for her grandparents. And she has decided to wrap them with

             gold paper which she thinks is the lucky color.

_____5. David is a Jewish and he is going to spend about ten days with his family. He has prepared nine

             candles and bought many pancakes.

A. Chinese New Year

     Chinese New Year is the most important of the traditional Chinese holidays. It falls on different dates each

year, between January 21 and February 20. Visits to friends and family take place during this celebration. The

color gold is said to bring wealth, and the color red is considered especially lucky. The New Year's Eve dinner

is very large and includes fish, noodles, and dumplings. 

B. Christmas

     Christmas is celebration of the birth of Jesus Christ. Christmas in the United States brings together many

customs from other countries and cultures. Around the world, family members help to decorate the tree and

home with bright lights, wreaths, candles, holly, mistletoe, and ornaments. On Christmas Eve, many people go

to church. Also on Christmas Eve, Santa comes from the North Pole in a sleigh to deliver gifts; in Hawaii, it is

said he arrives by boat; in Australia, the jolly man arrives on water skis; and In Ghana, he comes out of the

jungle.

C. Eid Al Adha, the Festival of the Sacrifice

     Eid Al Adha is celebrated by Muslims on the 10th day of the month of the lunar calendar (In 2008, it fell on

December 8) to commemorate the willingness of the prophet Ibrahim (or Abraham) to sacrifice his son for

God. Today, Muslims sacrifice an animal-usually a goat or a sheep-as a reminder of Ibrahim's obedience to

God. The meat is shared with family, friends Muslims or non-Muslims, as well as the poor members of the

community.

D. Hanukkah

     Jewish people celebrate Hanukkah, a holiday honoring the Maccabees victory over King Antiochus, who

forbade Jews to practice their religion. For eight nights, Hanukkah is celebrated with prayer, the lighting of the

menorah, and food. A menorah has nine candles, a candle for every night, plus a helper candle. Children play

games, sing songs, and exchange gifts. Potato pancakes, known as latkes (土豆饼) in Yiddish, are traditionally

associated with Hanukkah and are served with applesauce and sour cream.

E. Kwanzaa

     On December 26, Kwanzaa is celebrated. It is a holiday to commemorate African heritage. Kwanzaa lasts

a week during which participants gather with family and friends to exchange gifts and to light a series of black,

red, and green candles, which symbolize the seven basic values of African American family life that are unity,

self-determination, collective work and responsibility, cooperative economics, purpose, creativity, and faith.

F. Three Kings Day

     At the end of the Twelve Days of Christmas comes a day called the Epiphany, or Three Kings Day. This

holiday is celebrated as the day the three wise men first saw baby Jesus and brought him gifts. On this day in

Spain, many children get their Christmas presents. In Puerto Rico, before children go to sleep on January 5,

they leave a box with hay under their beds so the kings will leave good presents. In France, a delicious King

cake is baked. Bakers will hide a coin, jewel or little toy inside it.

17世纪中后期，英国通过资产阶级革命，确立了新的政治制度，体现了人类文明的重大进步。阅读材料，回答问题。（6分）

材料一　凡未经议会同意，以国王权威停止法律或停止法律实施之僭（jiàn，超越）越权力，为非法权力；……凡未经议会准许，借口国王特权，为国王而征收，或供国王使用而征收金钱，超出国会准许之时限或方式者，皆为非法；除经议会同意外，平时在本王国内征募或维持常备军，皆属违法。

——1689年英国《权利法案》

（1）据材料一指出《权利法案》制定的主要目的是什么？（1分）它的颁布有什么标志性意义？（1分）

材料二　谁会相信……居然会产生出今天世界上可能是最完美的政府呢？人们已经看到，当国王专权的时候，骚扰、内战、无政府状态、贫困使得全国不安。在这里，一个受人尊敬而富裕的国王却无力为非作歹……只有当国王并不专断独裁的时候，和平、富饶、幸福才会统治着英国。

——伏尔泰《巴比伦公主》

（2）据材料二概括，伏尔泰是怎样看待英国新确立的政治制度的？（1分）在他看来，这种制度有何好处？（1分）

材料三　一个人的绝对权力阻碍了国家的发展，不限制这种权力，国家便无法进步。克服专制王权于是成了继续前进的条件，在这个时候，谁先克服专制王权，谁就先迈出近代化的第一步。

——钱乘旦《世界近现代史的主线是现代化》

（3）据材料三并结合所学知识说明，“克服专制王权”后英国是如何“继续前进”的？（2分）

矿车主要由（）、（）、（）、（）和（）组成。