计算机能直接识别和执行的语言是A．机器语言 B．高级语言 C．数据库语言 D．汇编程

Chris is not a traditional explorer（探险者）- he usually works in an office for a large organization. Yet his job can sometimes be just as exciting and dangerous as being an explorer.

Chris works for MSF, an organization also known as Doctors Without Borders (无国界医生). MSF sends trained doctors all over the world to help people after a war or a disaster. Chris is a doctor from France who has travelled to many places to organize programmes that help people.

At the moment, there are over 27,000 trained medical staff taking part in MSF projects and tasks. The organization received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1999. All kinds of doctors can volunteer for MSF. They need to be prepared to go almost anywhere in the world and, of course, they should expect difficult conditions. Doctors with experience in tropical（热带的）diseases are especially useful because most of MSF’s work is in Africa. When MSF accepts a doctor for a task, he has to go for at least six months. When doctors have completed a few tasks, they might be sent on an emergency task following a disaster, such as an earthquake.

But why would a doctor leave a comfortable life and a good salary to join MSF? According to Chris, the experience you gain is a great help in your career. Besides, just like the explorers of the past, you need to keep an open mind and learn to mix well with the people you meet. Most importantly, at the end of each task, you have made a real difference to people’s lives.

小题1:Does Chris work for a large organization?

小题2:When does MSF send trained doctors all over the world to help people?

小题3:How many medical staff are taking part in MSF projects and tasks?

小题4:What kind of doctors are greatly needed in Africa?

小题5:According to Chris, why is his work important to other people?

小题6:Why is an MSF doctor’s job exciting and dangerous?

Dr. Jack M. Gwaltney, Jr. a professor at the University Of Virginia School Of Medicine infected six student volunteers with virus, the most common cause of colds. A few days later, when they were coughing and sneezing, he gathered 37 more people and divided them into three groups. Group 1 members spent three days and nights in the same room with one of the infected students, separated by a screen so they couldn't touch one another. Group 2 sat around a table while an infected volunteer talked, coughed and sang to them. Group 3 held hands with an infected student for ten seconds, and then touched their own noses or eyes.

Although most scientists at the time, the mid-70s, believed colds were spread by virus-laden droplets spread through the air when infected people coughed or sneezed, Gwaltney suspected physical contact might play an important role. Sure enough, of the 15 people who had touched a student volunteer, 11 became infected—compared with only one of those who had been sitting at the table, and none who had spent three days and nights together.

"The best evidence we have is that hand-to-hand contact is the most efficient way of transmitting virus," says Gwaltney. The study was one of a series that helped establish Gwaltney's reputation as a leading authority. Dr. Robert Couch says, "It would not be inappropriate to call him Mr. Common Cold."

When Gwaltney is asked how close scientists are to finding a cure, he replies: "If you mean ‘get rid of’, I don't think we're going to be able to do that with cold viruses any time soon. But if you look in the dictionary, you'll see that 'cure' is explained as a successful treatment. And we're not just getting more effective at treating the symptoms (症状)—we're getting at the root cause too. "

小题1:Dr. Jack M. Gwaltney conducted the experiment in order to__________.

A．find out the most common cause of colds

B．infect the student volunteer

C．find out the role physical contact plays in the common colds

D．find out the role virus-laden air plays in the infection of colds小题2:The result of the experiment shows that ___ plays an important role in the infection of colds.

A．sneezing at the infected person

B．touching the infected person

C．sitting together with the infected person

D．talking with the infected person小题3:Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Dr. Gwaltney was sure that hand-to-hand touch is the cause of the common cold.

B．Only one of the people who had spent three days and nights together became infected.

C．Dr. Gwaltney conducted many an experiment as to the cause of colds.

D．Dr. Gwaltney tested altogether 43 volunteers to see how they could develop colds.小题4:Mr. Common Cold is______.

A．a newly-found virus

B．a nickname (绰号) of respect to Dr. Gwaltney

C．a method to cure colds

D．a way by which the other scientists laughed at Dr. Gwaltney小题5:When Dr. Gwaltney gives a reply in the end of the passage, he means that______.

A．they have found the fundamental cause of colds

B．they have managed to wipe out the cold viruses

C．they have meant to experiment more

D．they have made much progress in dealing with colds

下列项目中，属于不定期并且全面清查的是( )。

A．单位合并、撤销以及改变隶属关系

B．年终决算之前

C．企业股份制改制前

D．单位主要领导调离时

仓单是保管人应存货人要求而签发的一种有价证券，如仓单损毁、遗失或被盗，存货人确认其权利的程序是（）

A.请求保管人另行签发

B.请求法院公示催告

C.存货人出具说明

D.存货人需在事发的三天内登报声明

构件自防水屋面根据板缝的处理不同可分为（）、（）、（）三种。