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阅读理解。

     Four people in England, back in 1953, stared at photo 51. it wasn't much-a picture showing a black X.

But three of these people won the Nobel prize for figuring out what the photo really showed-the shape of

DNA. The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists James Watson, Francis crick, and Maurice

Wilkins. The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out.

     Her name was Rosalind Franklin. "She should have been up there," says historian Mary Bowden. "if

her photo hadn't been there, the others couldn't have come up with the structure." one reason Franklin was

missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision. But now scholar doubt that

Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitions.

     At Cambridge university in the 1950s, Watson and Crick tried to make models by cutting up shapes of

DNA's parts and then putting them together. In the meantime, at king's college in London, Franklin and

Wilkins shone X-rays at the molecule (分子). The rays produced patterns reflecting the shape.

     But Wilkins and Franklin's relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watson and

Crick. Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant. But the college actually employed her to take

over the DNA project.

     What she did was produce X-ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was

inside out. And she was not shy about saying so. That angered Watson, who attacked her in return. Mere

inspection suggested that she would not easily bend. Clearly she had to go or be put in her place.

     As Franklin's competitors, Wilkins, Watson and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little

group of researchers, says historian Pnina Abir-Am. In 1962 at the Nobel prize awarding ceremony, Wilkins

thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin. Watson wrote his book laughing at her. Crick

wrote in 1974 that "Franklins was only two steps away from the solution." 

     No, Franklin was the solution. "She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of

DNA. She must be considered a co-discoverer," Abir-Am says. This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who

worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself. Once described as the "Dark Lady of DNA",

Franklin is finally coming into the light.

1. What is the text mainly about?

A. The disagreements among DNA researchers.

B. The unfair treatment of Franklin.

C. The process of discovering DNA.

D. The race between two teams of scientists.  

2. Watson was angry with Franklin because she _____.

A. took the lead in the competition

B. Kept her results from him

C. proved some of his findings wrong

D. shared her data with other scientists

3. Why is Franklin described as "Dark Lady of DNA"?

A. She developed pictures in dark labs.

B. She discovered the black X-the shape of DNA.

C. Her name was forgotten after her death.

D. Her contribution was unknown to the public.

4. What is the writer's attitude toward Wilkins, Watson and Crick?

A. Disapproving.

B. Respectful.

C. Admiring.

D. Doubtful.

在5.12汶川大地震的救援行动中，千斤顶发挥了很大作用，如图所示是简式千斤顶，当摇动把手时，螺纹轴就能迫使千斤顶的两臂靠拢，从而将汽车顶起。当车轮刚被顶起时汽车对千斤顶的压力为1.0×10⁵N，此时千斤顶两臂间的夹角为120°，则下列判断正确的是

[ ]

A．此时两臂受到的压力大小均为1.0×10⁵N

B．此时千斤顶对汽车的支持力为1.0×10⁵N

C．若继续摇动手把，两臂受到的压力将增大

D．若继续摇动手把，两臂受到的压力将减小

肌肉组织主要由（）组成。

A、横纹肌

B、竖纹肌

C、斜纹肌

D、平纹肌

安全监视功能的内容有哪些？

阅读短文，完成106—110题。

大自然真的不懂数学吗
人们视数学为科学的王冠。但为什么我们用极高深的数学、极复杂的公式、极庞大的程序，在超巨型计算机上进行长时间运算，也只能以极其有限的精确度，计算一些比较简单的分子呢更何况大分子、生命大分子体系，如果它不懂数学，描绘它的数学为什么几乎是无法达到的艰深呢
宇宙大爆炸后以近于临界速度膨胀了150亿年，它与临界速度的差异不会超过1/10³⁶。假如我国12亿人，每人把中国大百科全书(73册，近1亿汉字)、英国大百科全书(19册，近2亿字母)、美国大百科全书(30册，2亿字母)各抄两遍。只要其中有一个人抄错一个字母，错误就已达到1/10¹⁸。然而宇宙膨胀的精确程度比这还要准确100亿倍。大自然真的不懂数学吗在我们看来如此吃力，如此高不可攀的事情，大自然为什么如此轻松、如此[ 1 ]地[ 2 ]呢
中国传统文化最重天、地、人。然而今天的人类恰恰是对这三个古老话题知之甚少。对于“天”，现代宇宙学不过刚猜出一点皮毛。对于我们每天踩在脚下的“地”，我们钻探深度不过以十公里计，与地球半径(6378.14公里)相比，不过才干分之二三。若是个苹果，我们连表皮的深度都没啃破。这点我们甚至还不如一条虫!至少它已吃到果心了。对于“人”我们了解得尤其肤浅，特别是大脑思维的本质与神经工作的方式，我们还基本上一无所知。可能宏观与微观“语言”在此全不通用。它也许是下个世纪，“芝麻”都叫不开的神秘洞府。
似乎人类在自然科学上一遇到“起源”的问题就一筹莫展。宇宙起源、生命起源、思维起源都是人类碰到的几个最大的难题。有些新理论又是那么脆弱，经不起推敲。一种基于分子随机碰撞的生命起源理论不久前刚刚提出，但英国天文学家弗·霍依勒评价说：“上述事情发生的可能性正如利用席卷整个废料场的飓风来装配波音747喷气机一样。”这种几率无异于让一只猴子在计算机键盘上胡乱跳踏，居然打出了一部“莎士比亚”。你信吗
科学越发达，理论越艰深，学科也就越是高度地分化，人的专业知识面也日趋狭窄。如果你问某位科学家的研究领域，他可能会说：我在化学研究所、物理化学分部、理论化学研究所、量子化学研究室、从头计算方法研究组、从事多原子分子课题中的位能面计算工作。你尽可以和他讨论“从头算”方面的问题。但倘若超出这个范围，可能会使双方都感到尴尬。一问，嘿然；又问，敛容；三问，正色；再问则拂袖而去。这不禁使人想起一个曾在宫廷御膳房供职的厨师，他后来受雇于某大家，主人想以其资历炫耀一番，命他烧制一桌宫廷筵席宴客。答曰不能，因他是专做宫廷点心的。又令其制作一席宫廷点心待客。又答曰不能，因为他是为做某种点心专职切制葱末的。也许当今从事各种专业工作的人中就有不少“专门切葱”的。
人人都知道瞎子摸象的故事，然而也许我们就在于着类似的事。如果说，古希腊的亚里士多德还算是研究过“大象学”的话，近代科学家们早就分别潜心于“象腿学”、“象耳学”、“象尾学”、“象牙学”等分支了。而现代的博士生导师已带领众多子弟分兵于“象腿学”中的“象脚学”、“象趾学”、“象腿力学”等次级分支了。

对“它与临界速度的差异不会超过1/10³⁶”这句话理解正确的一项是( )。

A．宇宙大爆炸后膨胀的速度比临界速度小，相差不会超过1/10³⁶
B．宇宙大爆炸后膨胀的速度比临界速度大，相差不会超过1/10³⁶
C．说明宇宙真的不懂数学
D．说明宇宙膨胀的精确程度很高