李某，女性，38岁。咳喘气粗，烦躁胸满，痰黄难咯，口渴舌红，苔黄腻，脉滑数，宜选用方

阅读理解。

     Do you know why different animals or pests (害虫) have their special colors？Colors on them seem to be used mainly (主要地) to protect themselves.

     Some birds like eating locusts (蝗虫), but birds cannot catch them easily.  Why? Because locusts change their colors according to the colors of crops (庄稼).  When crops are green, locusts look green.  But as the harvest time comes, locusts change to the same brown color as crops have.  Some other pests with different colors from plants are easily found and eaten by others, so they have to hide (隐藏) themselves and appear (出现) only at night.

     If you study animal life, you’ll find the main use of coloring is to protect themselves.  Bears, lions and other animals move quietly through forests.  They cannot be easily seen by hunters (猎人).  This is because they have colors much like the trees.

     A kind of fish in the sea can send out a kind of very black liquid (液体) when it faces danger.  While the liquid spreads out, its enemies (敌人) cannot find it, so it can escape (逃跑) at once.  That is why it can live long, though it is not strong at all.

1. From the passage we learn that locusts _______.

A. are small animals

B. are easily found by birds

C. are dangerous to their enemies

D. change their colors to protect themselves

2. How can pests with different colors from plants keep out of danger?

A. They run away quickly.

B. They have the colors much like their enemies.

C. They hide themselves by day and appear at night.

D. They have to move quietly.

3. Bears and lions can keep safe because _______.

A. they have the colors much like the trees

B. they move quietly

C. they like brown and grey colors

D. they live in forests

4. Why can the kind of fish live long?

A. Because it is very big and strong.

B. Because it can send out a kind of very black liquid to help it escape from its enemies.

C. Because it can send out a kind of liquid to kill its enemies.

D. Because it swims faster than any other fish.

5. Which is the best title(标题) of this passage?

A. The Change of Colors for Animals and Pests.

B. Colors of Different Pests.

C. The Main Use of Colors for Animals and Pests.

D. Some Animals and Pests.

患儿女，13岁。发现脾脏肿大10年。查体：贫血貌，皮肤散在出血点，脾肋下15cm触及，Hb 80g/L，WBC 3.1×10⁹/L，血小板45×10⁹/L，骨髓增生活跃，全片可见巨核细胞25个，其三系减低的原因是（）

A.脾功能亢进

B.急性白血病

C.系统性红斑狼疮

D.再生障碍性贫血

E.特发性血小板减少性紫癜

睡眠诱发中如果不能获得自然睡眠，可以采用药物诱导睡眠，一般选择药物的要求是（）

A.起效时间快

B.持续时间短

C.对睡眠结构影响小

D.起效时间慢

E.持续时间长

阅读下列材料：

“让统治阶级在 * * 主义革命面前发抖吧，无产者在这个革命中失去的只是锁链，他们获得的将是整个世界。”

请回答：

（1）上述材料摘自什么文献？作者是谁？发表于何时？

（2）上述宣言是为什么组织起草的纲领？这一组织的性质是什么？

（3）上述宣言的发表有何意义？

有一闭口系统沿过程。从状态1变化到状态2（如图所示），又从状态2经过6回到状态1，如果已知1-a-2过程吸收热量为10kJ；2-b-1过程放出热量9kJ，并且外界对系统所做压缩功为8kJ，那么1-a-2过程的做功为（）。

A．8kJ

B．7kJ

C．9kJ

D．6kJ