某管道地沟盖平面尺寸2400×490mm，厚120mm，为起吊方便采用的吊环为（）。

如图所示，x为未知的放射源，L为几毫米厚的薄铝片，若在放射源和计数器之间加上L后，计数器的计数率大幅度减小，在L和计数器之间再加竖直向下的匀强磁场，计数器的计数率不变，则x可能是

A．α和β的混合放射源

B．纯α放射源

C．α和γ的混合放射源

D．纯γ放射源

水利水电施工组织设计文件中综合加工厂是由( )组成。

A．混凝土预制构件厂

B．钢筋加工厂

C．木材加工厂

D．砂石料加工厂

E．机械修配厂

阅读理解。

     We can see how the product life cycle works by looking at the introduction of instant coffee. When it

was introduced, most people did not like it as well as “regular” coffee, and it took several years to gain

general acceptance (introduction stage). At one point, though, instant coffee grew rapidly in popularity, and many brands were introduced (stage of rapid growth). After a while, people became attached to one

brand and sales leveled off (stage of maturity). Sales went into a slight decline when freeze-dried coffees

were introduced (stage of decline).

     The importance of the product life cycle to marketers is this: Different stages in the product life cycle

call for different strategies. The goal is to extend product life so that sales and profits do not decline. One

strategy is called market modification. It means that marketing managers look for new users and market

sections. Did you know, for example, that the backpacks that so many students carry today were originally designed for the military?

     Market modification also means searching for increased usage among present customers or going for a different market, such as senior citizens. A marketer may re-position the product to appeal to new market sections.

     Another product extension strategy is called product modification. It involves changing product quality, features, or style to attract new users or more usage from present users. American auto manufacturers are using quality improvement as one way to recapture world markets. Note, also, how auto manufacturers

once changed styles dramatically from year to year to keep demand from falling.

1. According to the passage, when people grow fond of one particular brand of a product, its sales will _____.

A. decrease gradually          

B. remain at the same level

C. become unstable            

D. improve enormously

2. Marketers need to know which of the four stages a product is in so as to _____.

A. work out marketing policies                  

B. promote its production

C. increase its popularity                              

D. speed up its life cycle

3. The author mentions the example of “backpacks” in paragraph two to show the importance of _____.

A. pleasing the young as well as the old  

B. increasing usage among students

C. exploring new market sections      

D. serving both military and civil needs

4. In order to recover their share of the world market, U.S. auto makers are _____.

A. improving product quality      

B. increasing product features

C. modernizing product style      

D. re-positioning their product in the market

某城市中有220kV变电站，降压为110kV及10kV，220kV出线为4回，110kV出线5回，10kV出线10回。220kV拟采用SF₆组合电器(GIS)，110kV为户内一般设备配SF₆断路器，10kV为开关柜。

若220kV线路为架空进线，线路侧( )。

A．不应装避雷器；
B．宜装避雷器；
C．不装避雷器；
D．可装避雷器。

李某从事个体运输业务，2005年有关经营情况如下：(1)当年取得运输收入200000元，运输成本50000元；(2)当年实际支付工资96000元，其中业主工资每月2000元，雇工工资每月1000元，共有雇工6名。(当地税务机关核准雇工工资列支标准为每月500元，投资者扣除费用为每月800元)；并按照实际工资支出提取工会经费、职工福利费、职工教育经费16800元(工资费用及提取的“三项经费”本题中未计人运输成本费用)；(3)提取风险准备基金12万元；(4)提取业务招待费10万元，已列支；(5)对外进行投资，取得分回的股息20000元；(6)从某企业借款20万元资金周转，偿付利息2.6万元，而银行贷款利率为10%；(7)一辆货车在运输途中发生车祸，损失达80000元，由于已投保，保险公司进行了赔偿，赔偿金额为45000元；(8)缴纳营业税等经营税费合计为22000元；(9)通过民政部门向贫困地区捐赠5000元。要求：根据上面的资料，按下列顺序回答问题(1)计算李某税前可以扣除工资费用、“三项经费”和投资者生活费用合计数；(2)计算李某税前可以扣除的业务招待费、利息费用和损失合计数；(3)计算该李某税前可以扣除的捐赠限额；(4)计算李某2005年的生产经营所得额；(5)计算李某2005年应纳的个人所得税。