甘肃省肃北蒙古族自治县成立于（）年7月20日。

巧填关联词语。（选择恰当的关联词语填空）

即使……也……　　虽然……但是……　既然……就……

不仅……而且……　无论……都……　　如果……就……

1．这个房间（　　）宽敞，（　　）布置得很美观。

2．在学习这条路上，（　　）困难多大，我（　　）不会退缩半步。

3．（　　）你遇到不懂的问题，（　　）应该虚心向别人请教。

4．经常撒谎的人（　　）说了真话，（　　）没人敢相信。

5．灾区的人们（　　）遭遇了暴风雪的袭击，（　　）有全国人民的支持，他们一定会战胜一切困难。

天冬药材的鉴别特征是（）

A.呈长纺锤形，略弯曲

B.表面黄白色至淡黄棕色，半透明

C.质硬或柔润，有黏性

D.断面角质样，中柱黄白色

E.气香特异，味甜、微苦

阅读理解。

     When an emergency (紧急) situation occurs, observers are more likely to take action if there are few

or no other witnesses (目击者). This phenomenon (现象) is referred to as the "bystander effect".

     The bystander effect is also called the "Genovese effect", which is named after Catherine  Genovese,

a young woman who was cruelly murdered on March 13, 1964. Early in the morning, 28-year-old

Genovese was returning home from work. As she approached her apartment entrance, she was attacked

and stabbed (刺) by a man later identified as Winston Moseley. Despite Genovese's repeated cries for

help, none of the dozen or so people in the nearby apartment building who heard her cries called police

for help. The attack first began at 3:20, but it was not until 3:50 that someone first contacted police.

     Many psychologists were set thinking by the incident, as well as most Americans. As the conclusion,

the bystander effect came out and later proved by a series of studies and experiments.

     There are two major factors that contribute to the bystander effect. First, the presence of other

people creates a division (分散) of responsibility. Because there are other observers, individuals do not

feel as much pressure to take action, since the responsibility to take action is thought to be shared among

all of those present. The second reason is the need to behave in correct and socially acceptable ways.

When other observers fail to react, individuals often take this as a signal that a response is not needed or

not proper.

     Other researchers have found that onlookers are less likely to take action if the situation is uncertain.

In the case of Genovese, many of the 38 witnesses reported that they believed they were witnessing a

"lovers'quarrel", and did not realize that the young woman was actually being murdered.

1. The bystander effect is also called the "Genovese effect" because          .  

A. it somehow caused the murder of a woman named Genovese

B. its discovery resulted from the murder of a woman named Genovese

C. it was actually discovered by a woman named Genovese

D. it always makes people think of a woman named Genovese

2. Which could NOT be a reason for the neighbors standing by instead of offering Genovese help?

A. They believed in the bystander effect.            

B. They thought someone else might help her.

C. They didn't think they should help.

D. They didn't think she needed help.

3.  Before deciding to offer help, observers may         , according to the psychologists.  

A. wait for sort of a signal

B. consider the risk of getting hurt

C. want to be sure it's proper to react

D. wonder if the victim is worth helping

4. The article seems to suggest that, if there had been         observers, Genovese might not have

    been murdered.

A. no        

B. fewer

C. more

D. braver

电石渣库内充氮时，严禁启动库底（）。

A、袋收尘

B、拉链机

C、轴流风机

D、罗茨风机

闸板防喷器的开关，一般情况下由（）控制。

A、司控台

B、远控台

C、手动

D、辅控台