简述信息资源规划的产生原因。

某地1月份平均气温大约是零下11℃，可用（    ）数表示，记作（    ）。

第二节：完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）

　　阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 36－55 各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Telling the truth is a very good habit. If you  36  speak the truth, you can save yourself from a lot of  37 ! Here is a story of a man who did a lot of  38  things, but his promise to tell the truth 39  him.

Once a man came to a  prophet（预言家）and said, “Oh, prophet, I have many bad  40. Which one of them should  I  41  first？”The prophet said, “Give up telling  42  first and always speak the truth. ”The man promised to do so and went home.

At night the man was about to go out to steal. Before setting out , he thought for a moment about the  43  he made with the prophet.  “44  tomorrow the prophet asks me where I have been, what shall I say？Shall I say that I went out  45？No, I cannot say that. But nor can I lie. If  I tell the truth,  46  will start hating me and call me a thief. I would be  47  for stealing.”

So the man  48  not to steal that night, and  gave up this bad habit.

Next day, he  49  drinking wine. When he was about to do so, he said to himself, “What shall I say to the prophet if he asks me what I did during the day？I cannot tell a lie, and if I speak the truth people will  50 me, because a Muslim is not  51  to drink wine.” And so he gave up the  52 of drinking wine.

In this way,  53  the man thought of doing something bad, he  54  his promise to tell the truth. One by one, he gave up all his bad habits and became a very  55  person.

36、A、always                    B、hardly                    C、sometimes        D、never

37、A、time                  B、money                    C、trouble            D、energy

38、A、great                  B、bad                        C、strange            D、stupid

39、A、educated             B、bothered             C、tested              D、saved

40、A、habits                     B、friends                    C、purposes          D、collections

41、A、take in                B、bring back                 C、give up            D、depend on

42、A、stories                B、truths                        C、reasons            D、lies

43、A、plan                   B、secret                        C、promise           D、mistake

44、A、Because              B、Unless                    C、Since               D、If

45、A、stealing              B、drinking             C、walking           D、dancing

46、A、none                  B、someone                 C、anyone            D、everyone

47、A、controlled           B、admired                  C、punished          D、killed

48、A、refused              B、tried                  C、decided            D、agreed

49、A、talked about        B、felt like            C、adapted to(适应)  D、broke down

50、A、understand              B、like                    C、hate              D、respect

51、A、allowed             B、encouraged             C、invited             D、advised

52、A、chance                    B、disadvantage       C、adventure      D、idea

53、A、wherever            B、whenever            C、whatever          D、however

54、A、forgot                    B、doubted                  C、regretted          D、remembered

55、A、good                  B、attractive            C、practical     D、generous(慷慨的)

有关成人全肺切除术后的生理变化，下列错误的是（）

A.余肺过度膨胀

B.余肺通气功能增加

C.余肺弥散功能增加

D.余肺顺应性降低

E.肺动脉和右心室压力暂时上升，然后逐渐恢复至正常水平

患者，男性，28岁。施工时不慎从4米高处跌下，半小时后被送入急诊室。体检：血压4/2kPa（30/15mmHg），神清、气促、面色苍白、四肢发凉、脉细弱，左侧胸压痛明显，胸廓塌陷、有骨擦感及反常呼吸征，左胸有一2cm×2.5cm创口，可听到气体出入创口响声，左侧呼吸音消失，右侧呼吸音减低

根据病历摘要，可以明确下列哪些诊断（）。

A.多发性肋骨骨折

B.开放性气胸

C.血胸

D.张力性气胸

E.外伤性膈疝

F.心包填塞

G.创伤性休克

H.颅脑损伤

在冰区如何抛“冰锚”？（）

A.把锚直抛入到碎冰中

B.用锚将冰层打碎，然后抛入海底

C.将锚链放在挖好的冰槽中，浇水与冰冻结在一起

D.以上均不正确