什么叫成材率？如何计算成材率？

Have you ever complained(抱怨) why life is so tiring? Does the sky sometimes seem dark to you? Are your studies sometimes not successful? Well, friends, cheer up and smile all the time. If you see the world with your warm heart, you’ll find that the whole world smiles to you.

While in school, sometimes you are tired of your lessons, but have you ever noticed the happy smile on your teacher’s face when you did a good job?

One day it is fine. Just before you want to go out, it suddenly starts to rain. Maybe you would feel very sad and start complaining about the weather. But dear friends, why don’t you sit down and listen to the free concert that the nature offers you? And with the timely rain, crops in the fields will grow better and better, so farmers will have a good harvest.

Although everyone wants to succeed in what he tries to do, sometimes failure(失败) can’t be avoided. I think failure is not terrible, and the terrible thing is that we are afraid of it and give up hope. When we face failure, we must be confident in ourselves, draw a useful lesson from it and try our best to finish what we have decided to do. As a popular saying goes, “Failure is the mother of success.”

Attitude decides everything. With an optimistic(乐观的) attitude life is easy and pleasant. Let’s smile to whatever we meet and the whole world will smile to us. 

小题1:What will you find if you see the world with your warm heart?

小题2:Why will farmers have a good harvest according to the passage?

小题3:What is the terrible thing when we face failure?

小题4:How do we make life easy and pleasant?

小题5:What’s the best title of this passage?

读图回答问题。

小题1:图中A字母代表的城市是

A．纽约

B．旧金山

C．洛杉矶

D．华盛顿小题2:“硅谷”位于A城市的方向是

A．西南

B．东南

C．东北

D．西北小题3:“硅谷”的主导工业是

A．核工业

B．激光工业

C．微电子工业

D．石油化工工业

用一个动滑轮将250N的重物匀速提高2m．所用的拉力是150N，则在此过程中拉力做的有用功和总功分别是（　　）

A．500J 600J

B．500J 300J

C．300J 500J

D．600J 500J

The food you eat does more than provide energy. It can have a dramatic effect on your body’s ability to fight off heart disease, cancer, diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, and weak bones. With remarkable consistency, recent research has found that a diet high in plant-based foods—fruits, vegetables, dried peas and beans, grains, and starchy staples such as potatoes—is the body’s best weapon in thwarting many health-related problems. These foods work against so many diseases that the same healthy ingredients you might use to protect your heart or ward off cancer will also benefit your intestinal tract and bones.

Scientists have recently estimated that approximately 30 to 40 percent of all cancers could be averted if people ate more fruits, vegetables, and plant-based foods and minimized high-fat, high-calorie edibles that have scant nutritional value. Up to 70 percent’ of cancers might be eliminated if people also stopped smoking, exercised regularly, and controlled their weight. In the past, researchers had linked fat consumption with the development of cancers, but they currently believe that eating fruits, vegetables, and grains may be more important in preventing the disease than not eating fat. "The evidence about a high-fat diet and cancer seemed a lot per several years ago than it does now," says Melanie Polk, a registered dietitian and director of nutrition education at the American Institute for Cancer Research.

The road to p bones is paved with calcium-rich food. Leafy green vegetables and low-fat dairy products are excellent sources of calcium, the mineral that puts stiffness into your skeletal system and keeps your bones from turning rubbery and fragile. Your body uses calcium for more than keeping your bones p. Calcium permits cells, to divide, regulates muscle contraction and relaxation, and plays an important role in the movement of protein and nutrients inside cells. If you don’t absorb enough from what you eat to satisfy these requirements, your body will take it from your bones. Because your body doesn’t produce this essential mineral, you must continually replenish the supply. Even though the recommended daily amount is 1,200mg, most adults don’t eat more than 500mg. One reason may have been the perception that calcium-rich dairy products were also loaded with calories. "In the past, women, in particular, worried that dairy products were high in calories," says Letha Y. Griffin, M. D. , of Peachtree Orthopaedics in Atlanta. "But today you can get calcium without eating any high-fat or high-calorie foods by choosing skim milk or low-fat yogurt." Also, low-fat dairy products contain phosphorous and magnesium and are generally fortified with vitamin D, all of which help your body absorb and use calcium. If you find it difficult to include enough calcium in your diet, ask your doctor about supplements. They’re a potent way to get calcium as well as vitamin D and other minerals. But if you rely on pills instead of a calcium-rich diet, you won’t benefit from the other nutrients that food provides. Getting the recommended vitamin D may be easy, since your body makes the vitamin when your skin is exposed to the sun’s rays.

Which kind of food is recommended to prevent heart disease, cancer, diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, and weak bones（）

A. Calcium-rich food

B. Plant-based and starchy staples food

C. High-fat, high-calorie food

D. Vitamin D-rich food

在不破坏红细胞的前提下，下列哪个因素的变化对红细胞凝集强度影响不大（）

A.渗透压

B.离子

C.pH值

D.抗体浓度

E.孵育时间