西汉诸侯国的 * * 机构和中央基本上相同，其中需要中央直接任命的有（）A.太傅和丞相 B

下列选项中，最能体现分散风险思想的投资方法是（ ）

A．期货交易

B．投资组合法

C．期权交易

D．远期交易

胃癌根治术后的晚期并发症是（）。

A.胃出血

B.吻合口瘘

C.倾倒综合征

D.吻合口梗阻

E.十二指肠残端破裂

我国涂料产品的行业标准有（）多项。

A．100

B．200

C．50

D．300

阅读理解

     A newly-published study has shown that loneliness can spread from one person to another, like a

disease. Researchers used information from the Framingham Study, which began in 1948. The

Framingham Study gathers information about physical and mental health, personal behavior and diet. At

first, the study involved about 5,000 people in the American state of Massachusetts. Now, more than

12,000 individuals are taking part.

     Information from the Framingham Study showed earlier that happiness can spread from person to

person. So can behaviors like littering and the ability to stop smoking.      

     University of Chicago psychologist John Cacioppo led the recent study. He and other researchers

attempted to show how often people felt lonely. They found that the feeling of loneliness spread through

social groups.

     Having a social connection with a lonely person increased the chances that another individual would

feel lonely. In fact, a friend of a lonely person was 52% more likely to develop feelings of loneliness. A

friend of that person was 25% more likely. The researchers say this shows that a person could indirectly

be affected by someone's loneliness.

     The effect was strongest among friends. Neighbors were the second most affected group. The effect

was weaker on husbands and wives, and brothers and sisters. The researchers also found that loneliness

spread more easily among women than men.

     The New York Times newspaper reports that, on average, people experience feelings of loneliness

about 48 days a year. It also found that every additional friend can decrease loneliness by about five

percent, or two and a half fewer lonely days.

     Loneliness has been linked to health problems like depression and sleeping difficulties. The researchers believe that knowing the causes of loneliness could help in reducing it.

     The study suggests that people can take steps to stop the spread of loneliness. They can do this by

helping individuals they know who may be experiencing loneliness. The result can be helpful to the whole

social group.

1. What is TRUE about the Framingham Study?

A. It was only conducted in 1948.

B. It involves more than 12,000 participants.

C. It was led by John Cacioppo.

D. It showed that any behavior could spread.

2. Which statement about the spread of loneliness is true?

A. The spreading effect was the second strongest among friends.

B. No spreading effect was found on husbands and wives.

C. Women are more likely to be affected than men.

D. Brothers are more easily affected than neighbors.

3. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Actions should be taken to help lonely people.

B. People feel lonely for many reasons.

C. Ways to fight against loneliness.

D. Lonely people can affect others.  

地理学的视角包括地方的综合、地方间的相互依存、尺度间的相互依存人地相互依存等四个视角。